早商时期经营四土之考古学新证.pdfVIP

36 考由与宽物 2011 华第1 期 早商时期经营四土之考古学新证* 周书灿 关键词:1在商商文化四土经营 KEY WORDS: Early Shang 巴ra sh削g Culture Situ (Four Quarters) Rulership ABSTRACT: T例ualre∞rds and archaeologiωI evidence both tωtify a 阳t that , during the dawn of the Early 曲ang Dynasty shortly after itω，nquered the Xia Dynasty , the political and military rulerships w例particularlyωnωm侃侃the re… gions between Zhangl.uo and southwestem 剑umxi wb削the ruling house ofyouxia (有夏) establish叫. The variations of Early Shang Culture indicate the diff跚跚ofpolitiω1st刚egies in different r咽。ns: in 幽t Quarter the strat咽 was to a1ifll with do咱yi (剧tem barbarians); in south, soutb蹦t 削d north Qu刷刷 directωntrol and 0∞upation was the m碍。r maneuvers; in west Quarter taclics were 化创sing on exercising powers over major traffic routes and ∞mmunications among indig:nous ethnic lJOups. The prominent role of rulerships over south, south创st and north Quarters were closely relevant to the contemporary politiωI and rnilltary situations dur问the 阳Iy ShangDynωty; while the consideration of 悦。nomic 阳poses was not d呻Iy ， ∞nωm创 as the politiωI and military intentions. 1.郑州商城、假师商城的兴建及其对郑端 早商时期，商族在推翻夏朝统治的同时，迅 速据有厦的故土并极力向外开拓，夏、商两大族 地区的控制 尽管目前学术界对那州商城和健师商城的 群及其周边各族之间的迅速惨避、融合，初步奠 定了商代早期四土政治地理与民族格局的基础。 诸多具体问题仍存在不少争议，但以郑州商械和 从考古学材料辛苦，早商文化的分布跑回越过了夏 倔师商城为毕商时期的都城，已基本形成共识。 文化以及以前任何一种培古学文化，这种文化格 假师商城坐落在洛阳能地东段，四距洛阳市 局的形成与早商时期商族势力的扩服和民族融 的30 公思。遗址东侧有规模较大的仰韶一龙山 合的扩大有着颇为辅切的关系。 时代遗址和工里头文化小型聚蔼，西南约6 公里