大学化学（梁永晔）Chapter 9 - Preview.pdfVIP

Chapter 9 Molecular Geometries and Bonding Theories For SUSTC, Chem 101 – 2013 use only, no redistribution. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Molecular Shapes • The shape of a molecule plays an important role in its reactivity. • By noting the number of bonding and nonbonding electron pairs, we can easily predict the shape of the molecule. What Determines the Shape of a Molecule? • Simply put, electron pairs, whether they be bonding or nonbonding, repel each other. • By assuming the electron pairs are placed as far as possible from each other, we can predict the shape of the molecule. Electron Domains • We can refer to the electron pairs as electron domains. • In a double or triple bond, all electrons shared between those two atoms are on the same side of the central atom; therefore, • The central atom in they count as one electron this molecule, A, has domain. four electron domains. Valence-Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion Theory (VSEPR) “The best arrangement of a given number of electron domains is the one that minimizes the repulsions among them.” Electron-Domain Geometries Table 9.1 contains the electron-domain geometries for two through six electron domains around a central atom. Electron-Domain Geometries • All one must do is count the number of elect