化工设备机械基础英文.docVIP

化工设备机械基础 1 force 力2 composition of forces 力的合成3 force resolution 力的分解4 component force 分力5 point of application of the force 力的作用点6 line of action of the force 力的作用线7 resultant 合力8 moment of a force 力矩9 arm of the force 力臂10 couple 力偶11 normal pressure 法向力,正压力12 force of inertia 惯性力13 tangential force 切向力14 torque 扭矩15 load 加载,载荷16 deformation 变形,形变,应变17 strength 强度,坚固性18 rigidity 刚性(度)19 elasticity 弹性，弹力20 elastic deformation 弹性变形21 plasticity 塑性22 plastic deformation 塑性变形23 stress 应力24 normal stress 正应力，法向应力25 tangential stress 切向应力26 tension 拉伸，拉力27 relative elongation 延伸率，伸长率28 cross section 横截面29 buckling 纵向弯曲，(侧向)压曲30 bending 弯曲，横向弯曲31 slenderness 挠度32 bar 杆（件）33 shear force 剪（切）力，横向力34 shear angle 剪切角，切变角35 torsion 扭转，扭力36 twist angle 扭转角37 crushing 挤压38 tensile test 拉伸试验39 stress-strain diagram 应力—应变曲线40 proportionality limit 比例极限41 elastic limit 弹性极限42 yield limit 屈服极限，屈服点43 tensile strength 抗拉强度44 compression ultimate strength 抗压强度45 bending ultimate strength 抗弯强度46 long-term strength 持久极限47 creep limit 蠕变极限48 modulus of elasticity 弹性模量49 Poisson’s ratio 泊松比50 beam 梁51 freely supported beam 简支梁52 span 跨度，跨距53 support 支座（架），支点54 cantilever beam 悬臂梁55 statically determinate beam 静定梁56 statically indeterminate beam 静不定梁57 concentrated load 集中载荷58 distributed load 分布载荷59 bending moment 弯矩60 reaction at the support 反力,支反力61 deflection 挠度,下垂度62 moment of inertia 惯性矩63 section modulus 抗弯模量64 polar moment of inertia 极惯性矩65 sectional modulus of torsion 抗扭模量66 uniaxial stressed state 单向应力状态67 planar-stressed state 平面应力状态68 three-dimensionally stressed state 三向应力状态69 principal stress 主应力70 strength theory 强度理论71 The maximum normal stress theory 最大拉应力理论72 The maximum linear strain theory 最大应变理论73 The maximum shearing stress theory 最大剪应力理论74 The distortion energy theory 变形能理论75 permissible stress 许用应力76 factor of safety 安全系数77 stress concentration 应力集中78 flange; flinch 法兰79 valve 阀,阀门8tangen