ING酚胫词英语语法详解.docVIP

ING分词英语语法详解1 ??? 内 容 提 要??? -ING分词也是动词的非限定性形式,由动词原形+-ING构成,在句中可以直接作主语,也可用形式主语it来代替,而把-ING分词放到后边;可以作表语;作宾语时对动词有一定的要求,有的动词只能跟接-ING分词,有的动词则既可以跟不定式也可以跟-ING分词,而且-ING分词还可作介词的宾语;在作宾语补足语时对动词也有一定的要求;作状语时,-ING分词要与其逻辑主语呼应,否则就要用独立结构;-ING分词作定语时相当于一个定语从句。跟动词不定式一样,-ING分词也有它的完成时态、被动语态和否定形式;最后我们还要了解-ING分词的逻辑主语问题。???? 第一节 -ING分词的形式??? -ING分词是指由动词原形+-ING构成的、具有完成时态和被动语态的一种非谓语动词形式,具体形式如下??? 主动形式??????? 被动形式??? 一般时??????? doing???????? being done???? 完成时??????? having done???????? having been done???? 就其语法功能而言,它可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补语、状语和定语。???? 第二节 -ING分词的用法??? 一、 作主语??? 1. 一般形式??? 1) the matriculation for postgraduate is probably the turning point of my life.??? [A] Taking the part of [B] Taking part in [C] To take the part of [D] To take the notice in??? 2) a teacher is being present at the creation, when the clay begins to breathe.??? [A] As [B] To be[C] Is[D] Being??? 3) by transforming the blame to others is often called scapegoating.??? [A]Eliminate problems[B]The eliminated problems[C]Eliminating problems[D]Problems are eliminated??? 2. 有时可以用it做形式主语??? Its waste of time arguing with the gossip about it.??? Its interesting having traveled to Beidaihe this year.[说明:从这句中我们可以看出,这种结构通常适用于名词和形容词。但不适用于像possible, important, essential, necessary等表示性质的形容词,这些词后面一般要跟动词不定式。我们不能说 Its quite necessary taking part in the negotiation.应改作Its quite necessary to take part in the negoiation.??? Its glorious getting involved in working out the plan. 4) It is____________. [A] possible determining that [B] French explorers reached the juncture of [C] the Kansas and Missouri rivers [D] in the seventeenth century.ING分词英语语法详解2 二、作表语的-ING分词??? Seeing is believing.??? His aims are learning two foreign languages and applying the theory he has learned to practice.??? 三、-ING分词作动词宾语??? 1. 一类是动词或短语后边跟宾语的非限定性动词只能是-ING分词,如:acknowledge, admit(坦白,承认), advise, advocate, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, cant help, consider, contemplate(深思), delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape(躲过,避开), excuse, fancy, fi