跨文化交际.pptVIP

Time Structure Circular time: China Time is like a circle. And everything in the world will return to its original state after a period of time Linear time: America Time is perceived as a linear structure just like a ribbon stretching from the past into the future. Time won’t return once it passes. Origin: Buddhism Thought (reincarnation 轮回 ) Taoist Ideology Yin-yang theory Origin: Christian ideas (the born of Christ) Time structure In Chinese culture, people sense time with a strong subjective color. ( luck or unlucky for marriage, relocation etc.) Time is something concrete, tangible, which can be saved, borrowed, sold, wasted, and measured. Time is money. And their pace of life is quite fast with a thought that time is in shortage. Time structure People tend to be vague towards the objective time. no tense in grammar “了” b) fuzzy expression about time, such as for a while, several days ago etc. Westerners use time very accurately, to every minute even second. a) 16 kinds of tenses b) phrases such as, to the minute，in a second Monochronic Time (M-Time) Definition:A monochronic time system means that things are done one at a time and time is segmented into precise, small units. Under this system time is scheduled, arranged and managed. Northern American,Western and Northern European cultures are typical M-Time cultures. Polychronic Time (P-Time) Definition:A polychronic time system is a system where several things can be done at once, and a more fluid?[‘flu?d]? 易变的approach is taken to scheduling time. It’s more flexible and more human-centered. Latin American,African,Arab and most Asian cultures are P-Time cultures. Buying Vegetables Time orientation: past and future orientation Time orientation: past and future orientation Time orientation of the future : the westerners (especially the Americans) were influenced by the Christian original sin, tending to believe “men at their birth, are naturally evil. So most of them