3.句子基本成分与五个基本句型.ppt

句子成分及基本句型 1）主语 + 谓语动词(不及物) She smiled. 2）主语 + 谓语动词(及物) + 宾语 He practised running. 3）主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 + 宾补 We noticed him enter the room. 4）主语 + 谓语动词 + 间宾 + 直宾 Mum bought him a new bicycle. 5）主语 + 系动词 + 表语 My job is to teach English. 构成句子的成分有很多，比如： 主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语 以及表语等。 但是，我们要记住 任何一个句子，都必须拥有自己的 主语和谓语！ 主语表明这句话说的主体是谁或什么事 物。主语一般由名词、代词或名词性短语(含不定式和动词的-ing形式）或从句担当。 On top of some knowledge of German, he speaks fluently in English and French. To see is to believe. The master as well as his colleagues is working hard. What is left in the ground after harvesting becomes a natural fertilizer. (2-IV) What is left in the ground after harvesting 谓语说明主语的情况（动作或状态）。 谓语主要由动词或动词短语担当；也可由连系动词（或半系动词）加表语组成（即是：系表结构）。 He runs as fast as a rabbit. I can’t bear seeing animals treated cruelly. Our principal is thought highly of. 半系动词 (保持动词的含义， 但在句子中起系动词的作用， 和形容词搭配， 构成系表结构） 1.感官系动词：look, sound, taste, smell, feel 2.表像系动词： seem, appear，look 3.变化系动词：become, get, turn, grow, make, come, go, fall, run 4.持续系动词：remain, keep, stay, continue, stand, rest, lie, hold 5.终止系动词：prove, turn out, “证实”，“变成”　　 The rumor proved false.　这谣言证实有假。 宾语用在及物动词及介词（介宾）后面，表示行为对象；一般由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句担当。 He weighted the ideas in his mind without any words. We are considering where to go for our holiday. To prevent this from happening again, John suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. (1-V) After careful consideration, we decided to accept their offer. that the source of all the water supplies be examined. 定语用来修饰或限制名词或代词。主要由 形容词或相当于形容词的短语或从句来担当。 He hasn’t got enough money to buy the reference books. There is nothing new in the statement. Finally I finished my essay, which made me very happy. _____用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子： They are working hard.(修饰___________) She is very interested in it. （修饰________________） He works extremely hard.(修饰_________) T