质谱讲义4-1(-离子类型).ppt

2． 简单断裂 (1) α断裂 (2) i 断裂 (3) σ 断裂 3． 复杂断裂 （1）麦氏重排 4． 断裂的预测 a.产物的稳定性 b.立体化学因素 c. 键的活泼性 C-I键比C-Br键活泼、C-O键比C-C键活泼 20 40 60 80 100 120 m/z m/z = 78 100 80 60 40 20 0 Relative intensity Some molecules undergo very little fragmentation Benzene is an example. The major peak corresponds to the molecular ion. Alkanes undergo extensive fragmentation m/z Decane 142 43 57 71 85 99 CH3—CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2—CH3 Relative intensity 100 80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Propylbenzene fragments mostlyat the benzylic position 20 40 60 80 100 120 m/z Relative intensity 12