2017高考英语一轮复习 第一部分 基础知识聚焦 专题突破解题策略3 阅读理解之词义猜测题 新人教版必修2.pptVIP

词义猜测题主要考查考生利用同义或反义关系、构词法、语法和语篇文脉等理解词义的能力，包括考查生词词义和熟词生义，或是一些短语的引申义或一句话的含义。近几年，词义猜测题越来越受到命题者的青睐，近年大部分地区的高考英语试卷都有词义猜测题，有的甚至涉及多道，词义猜测题要求考生在准确理解上下文的基础上答题，若平时就具有较大的阅读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇，那答题就会更加迅速和准确。 1.利用上下文语境及生活常识猜测 [典例1](2015·四川高考D) ... He told people at a conference, “There have been a couple of studies suggesting they are increasing their song output at night and during the day they are still singing. Singing is a costly behaviour and it takes energy. So by increasing their song output, there might be some costs of energy.” And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light. Blackbirds and seagulls are also being more nocturnal. ... 44．What does the underlined word “nocturnal” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Active at night. B．Inactive at night. C．Active during the day. D．Inactive during the day. [解析]　A　本文主要介绍了一项研究调查的结果，由于人类制造的光线问题，越来越多的鸟类如知更鸟在晚上也会唱歌，这极大地影响了鸟的健康。 根据上文的And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light. Blackbirds and seagulls are also being...可知乌鸦和海鸥情况也一样，也就是说这两种鸟晚上也唱歌，故选择A，指晚上很兴奋。 [典例2](2015·浙江高考C) If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars，we would go in darkness happily，the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的) species on this planet. Instead，we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the suns light. This is a basic evolutionary fact, even though most of us dont think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet its the only way to explain what weve done to the night: Weve engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.... 51．What does “it”(Paragraph 1) most probably refer to? A．The night.　　　　 B．The moon. C．The sky. D．The planet. [解析]　A　文章介绍了光污染对于动物和人类的影响，呼吁我们反思我们的行为。对于这种指代的题目，往往答案是最接近它的一个。根据这种原则，能得出答案是night 夜晚。最后一句话的句意是：但是这是唯一的方法去解释我们对于夜晚做了什么：我们设计了光，让光充满星空。 2．利用构词法猜测 利用上下文中出现的与该词相关的同义词，近义词，甚至反义词，以及前缀、后缀，词根等来推测词义。 [典例3](2014·陕西高考B) ...My father had never read the story before, but it sounded like O. Henry, and he knew that O. Henry had once liv