英语：Module1Unit3课件(外研社八年级下).ppt

Module 1 Unit 3Language in use ;1. 组成句子的成分叫句子成分。 2. 在句子中, 词与词之间有一定的组合关系, 按照不同的关系, 可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。 3. 句子成分由词或词组充当。 ;4. 英语的基本成分有六种: 主语(subject), 谓语(predicate), 表语(predicative), 宾语(object), 定语(attribute)和状语(adverbial)。;主 语 1. 主语是一个句子的主题, 也是句子的主体, 表示句子主要说明的人或事物。 2. 它的位置一般在句首。 一般由名词、代词或相当于名词或代词的词、短语或句子等充当。;e.g. The meeting will begin at 9:00. (名词) We study in No. 1 Middle School.(代词) Smoking is bad for you. (动名词);谓 语 谓语是说明主语的动作或状态。 一般放在主语之后。 2. 谓语一般是由动词或连系动词+表 语担当。 3. 谓语必须和主语在“人称”和“数”上 保持一致。 ;e.g. We work hard. (动词） Mike likes his new book. His parents are teachers. (连系动词+表语) She is reading.;表 语 1. 表语是表述主语的特征、状态或身份等。 2. 表语位于连系动词之后, 二者构成系表结构, 即合成谓语。 3. 表语由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词、短语或句子等充当。;e.g. Her brother is a driver.(名词) Are you ready?(形容词) We were at home last night. (介词短语) This book is mine, not yours. (代词) The film is exciting. (现在分词);宾 语 1. 宾语表示动作、行为的对象。 2. 只有及物动词可带宾语, 有些不及物动词加上介词或副词也可带宾语。 3. 由名词、代词或相当于名词的词、 短语或句子担当。 ;e.g. He often helps me. (代词) We study English at school. (名词) If you add 5 to 5, you get 10. (数词) Remember to buy some stamps. (动词不定式) He likes making you laugh. (动名词) Do you understand what I mean? (从句);宾语补足语 位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。它们一起构成复合宾语。 1. 名词/代词宾格 + 名词： The war made him a soldier. 2. 名词/代词宾格 + 形容词： Please keep the room clean.;3. 名词/代词宾格 + 介词短语： I often find him at work. 4. 名词/代词宾格 + 动词不定式： The teacher ask the students to close the windows. 5. 名词/代词宾格 + 分词： I saw a cat running across the road.;状 语 状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句, 说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。用作状语的通常是副词。 1) 副词 (短语) 作状语： The boy needs a pen very much. (程度状语) The boy needs a pen now. (时间状语);2) 介词短语作状语： In the classroom, the boy needs a pen. (地点状语) On Sundays, there is no student in the classroom. (时间状语) ;3) 不定式作状语: The boy needs a pen to do his homework. (目的状语) 4) 名词作状语: Come this way