1绪论-石油与天然气地质学..pptVIP

Petroleum Geology Chengdu University of Technology College of Energy Resources Occurrences of Petroleum Petroleum occurs widely in the earth as gas, liquid, semisolid, or solid, or in more than one of these states at a single place. Chemically any petroleum is an extremely complex mixture of hydrocarbon (hydrogen and carbon) compounds, with minor amounts of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur as impurities. A modern university curriculum in geology has to embrace all these topics. As geology is more dependent upon the other sciences in the curriculum than they are upon it, the geologist’s program of study must also include those sciences themselves. It is a fortunate department that can find room and time in such a program for anything specially called petroleum geology. The new graduate may enter the petroleum industry armed with the core courses in geology and the other sciences alone. Geology, already an integrative science for the student, becomes still more integrative for the practitioner in the industry. Because oil and gas are fluids, a knowledge of fluid dynamics must be acquired. Because geology in industry is fundamentally practical, a knowledge of some branches of engineering will quickly become necessary. And because everything the geologist does will eventually come to test in the market-place of the real world, an understanding of economics is a big help. Since practically all petroleum occurs in sedimentary rocks, sedimentology forms an important part of the basis for petroleum geology. 早期高水位 晚期高水位期 高 低 时间 潮上 滩后泻湖 浅水滩 丘--斜交前积 中-高水位面， 上为晚期，下为早期 加积到S形前积 老岩层 斜坡 盆地 沉积体系 潮间到 潮上带 泥灰岩含生 物碎屑灰岩 鲕粒滩 坝相 斜坡相 盆地细 粒灰岩 早期高水位 沉积体系 晚期高水位 沉积体系 伴生II型的沉积几何形态立体图解 （转引自徐怀大，1993） 高水位早期沉积表现为加积到“S”型进积模式，高水位晚期沉积表现为丘形到斜交型进积。 海平面 茶源坪 太平镇 建南 向盆地方向 滩体边缘 斜坡边缘 Structural geology is also important for understanding the mode and timing of oil and gas traps and the general development of sedimentary basin. Oil and gas are derived from organic matter buried in a sedimentary basin. Org