subjuctivemood.ppt

虚拟语气;表示说话人的一种愿望、建议、命令、要求．有时是一种非真实的假设、料想或是不可能实现的与事实相反的愿望。;一、虚拟语气在（非真实）条件句中的用法。;2 与过去事实相反;3 与将来事实相反;非真实条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的， 句中的条件从句与结果主句皆用虚拟语气。;4 If从句中若含有should, had 或者were，那么就可以把它们放在句首，与主语颠倒形成倒装，但动词过去式不可以与主语倒装。;;5. 混合虚拟语气;suggest, order, demand, request, desire, insist, require, decide, determine, advise, recommend, deserve等表示建议、要求、命令的动词后的宾语从句用： that sb (should) do sth;;3主语从句中的虚拟语气　基本句型：It is suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted； + (should) do It is important, necessary, natural, desirable, strange, advisable, imperative… It is a pity, a shame, no wonder ;7 If the little girl should take piano lessons, she _________(have) less free time. 8 If we had listened to her advice and brought a map with us, we_________ (not lose) our way. 9 If he ___________ (see) you yesterday, he would have told you. 10 If it were to rain tomorrow, we __________(not go) for a picnic.;介词短语表条件 But for your help, we couldn’t have succeeded. They wouldn’t have reached the agreement so easily without that common ground. 4) 情境中提供虚拟语气 Suppose there were no gravitational force, objects would not fall to the ground when dropped. She wasn’t feeling very well. Otherwise she wouldn’t have left the meeting so early. 高考题点击： Jack ____ yet, otherwise he would have phoned me. (N 97) A. mustn’t have arrived B. shouldn’t have arrived C. can’t have arrived D. needn’t have arrived ;由as if(as though) 或even though(even though) 引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时，从句谓语形式为动词的过去式（be用were）或“had＋过去分词”。;;在动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望，从句通常省略连词that。;;5. 混合虚拟语气;We couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time without your help. (＝if we hadn’t got your help) But for rain(=If it hadn’t been for the rain), we would have finished the work.; ;八、虚拟语气用在含有If it were not for或If it had not been for 条件句中。