Unit5_Why_Nothing_Works.pptVIP

Paragraph 5 1. constant: happening regularly or all the time 3. the intimate sentimental and personal bonds: the close / familiar emotional and person-to-person relationship / connection 4. wither: become weaker or shrink. Plants, trees, flowers may all wither away, and so may one’s hope, when one becomes hopeless. 5. (LL.46-49) “In our era of … relationships.” P: In our times of producing and selling goods in large amounts, quality is usually a problem because the close emotional and interpersonal relationships which in the past made us responsible to each other and to our goods have become less and less strong and given way to money relationship. 在我们这个大生产大市场的工业时代，产品质量始终是个难题，因为一度使我们要对对方或自己的产品负责的亲密感情和个人交情已被金钱关系取而代之。 6. the women and men involved in …: the women and men taking part in … be involved in: be as a necessary part in 7. Distribution: the commercial activity of transporting and selling goods from a producer to a consumer商品）运销，经销，分销 9.Hence：(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result; therefore 因此，所以, 从此 相比之下，人们很难去关心陌生人或陌生人所使用的产品。在我们这个大生产大市场的工业时代，产品质量始终是个难题，因为一度使我们要对对方或自己的产品负责的亲密感情和个人交情已被金钱关系取而代之。不仅生产者和消费者现在是陌生人，就连那些涉及到生产和分配各个阶段的男人和女人们也彼此陌生，他们包括管理人员、生产第一线的工人、办公室勤杂人员以及销售人员。在较大的公司里，也许有成千上万的人在为同一产品工作，而这些人都有可能从未碰过面，或从不知其他人的名字。公司越大，劳动力分工越复杂，互不关心的人际关系也越是占上风，马菲的法则效果也就越明显。 10. Layer：层, 阶层 11.Foreman:a person who exercises control over workers 领班, 工头, 陪审团主席 12. Payroll: A list of employees receiving wages or salaries, with the amounts due to each.薪金名册：领工资或薪金的雇员名单，带有每个人应付数额 13. Alienate v. ~ sb (from sb/sth): cause sb to become unfriendly or indifferent; estrange sb使疏远、使孤立、离间 14.Neglect: pay no or little attention to 15. Sabotage n. [U] damage done secretly to prevent an enemy, a competitor, etc succeeding, esp. by destroying his weapons or equipment and spoiling his plans (为防止敌方利用或为表示抗议而进行的)阴谋破坏，蓄意破坏 1. Murphy’s Law effect: the shoddy goods problem (Paragraph 1) 2. Cause: human rather than technologica