水利水电工程专业英语段翻译.docxVIP

?Owing to the fact that electricity can be transmitted from where it is generated to where it is needed by means of power lines and transformers, large power stations can be built in remote places far from industrial centers or large cities, as is cited the case with hydroelectric power stations that are inseparable from water sources. ?由于电力可以从发电的地方通过电线和变压器输送到需要用电的地方，因此大型电站可以建在远离工业中心或大城市的地方，离不开水源的水力发电站就常常是这样建立的。Ideally suited to narrow canyon s composed of rock, the archdam provides an economical and efficient structure to controlthe stream flow. The load-carrying capacity of an arch damenables the designer to conserve material and still maintain anextremely safe structure.?拱坝最适合于修建在岩石峡谷中，它是一种控制河道中水流经济而有效的建筑物。一座拱坝的承载能力足以使设计人员用较少的材料而仍能建成极为安全的结构。?The general theory of arch dam design is comparatively newand changing rapidly as more information is obtained.Engineers have cautiously applied mathematical theory, thelaw of mechanics, and theories of elasticity to reduce thethickness of arch dams and gain substantial economies.?拱坝的一般设计理论比较新颖，同时在获得更多的资料之后，理论的变化也很迅速。工程师们曾慎重的应用数学理论、力学定律和弹性理论，以减小拱坝的厚度，并取得了很大的经济效果。? Historically, the method of analysis of arch dams grew fromthe cylinder theory to independent arches, crown cantileveranalysis, and then multiple cantilever analysis. The crowncantilever and arch action theory has prove d satisfactory forarch dam analysis.?从历史发展来看，拱坝分析方法从圆筒理论开始，发展到多个独立拱圈分析、拱冠悬臂梁分析，以及多悬臂梁分析。拱冠悬臂梁和拱作用的理论已被证明能满足拱坝分析用。?All earth dams must have sufficient extra height known as freeboard to prevent overtopping by the pool. The freeboard must be of such height that wave action, wind setup, and earthquake effects will not result in overtopping of the dam. In addition to freeboard, an allowance must be made for settlement of the embankment and the foundation which will occur upon completion of the embankment. ?所有的土坝都必须有一个足够的额外高度，称为超高，以防止水库漫顶。超高的高度必须足以在波浪作用、风浪壅高和地震影响下，不会导致坝的漫顶。除了超高外，对于坝建成时发生的坝体和地基沉陷，还必须在高度上留有余地。?The width of the earth dam top is generally co