2015高中英语基础知识 冠词的讲解与训练.docVIP

英语基础知识 冠词的讲解与训练 冠词 知识要点 冠词是虚词，放在名词之前，用来说明名词所指的人或事，一般没有句子重音。 冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the）和零冠词。 疑难突破 1. 不定冠词的用法： 1 指一类人或事，相当于a kind of A car is a machine that can run fast. 2 第一次提及某人某物，非特指 A man is waiting for Tom. 3 表示“每一”相当于every，one We work nine hours a day. 4 表示相同相当于the same They are nearly of an age. 5 用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事 A Mr. Mike came to see him when you were at school. That writer is rather a Luun. 6 用于固定词组中 a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time 7 用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后 This room is rather a big one. 8 用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后 John is as clever a boy as you can wish to meet. 用an或是a，不是有后面的词的首字母是否是原音决定的，而是由首字母的发音是否是原音决定的 At an early age, she began to like it.在早年，她就开始喜欢它。 Its a used tool, so it is smooth. 那是一件被用过了的工具，所以很光滑。 There is an hour left.还剩一小时。 2. 定冠词的用法： 1 表示某一类人或物 The dog is a useful animal. 2 用于形容词和分词前表示一类人 the poor, the dead, the green 3 用于乐器前面 play the violin, play the guitar 4 表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事 Would you mind my opening the door? 5 用于世上独一无二的事物名词前 the earth, the sun, the Pacific Ocean 6 表示一家人或夫妇 the Smith, the Hongs 7 用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前 He is the shorter of the two boys. 8 用于党派、国家等以及江、河、湖、海及山川群岛的名词前 the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French 9 用于表示发明物的单数名词前 The compass was invented in China. 10 用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时间的词组前 He hit me on the shoulder. 11 用于表示单位的名词前 I hired the truck by the hour. 12 在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代 in the 1980s 3.零冠词的用法： 1 专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前 Mike,Wuhan University, Jack, China, love, air 2 名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制 I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this? 3 季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前 March, Sunday, National Day, spring 4 表示泛指的复数名词前 pens are useful tools. 5 学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前 He likes playing football/chess. 6 与by连用表示交通工具的名词前 by train, by air, by land 7 以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时 writer and poest, knife and fork, day and night 8 表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前 Mary was made monitorof our class. 注意： 高考一般偏重于考查冠词的特指、泛指、零冠词的用