英美概况Americanhistory[1].pptVIP

英美概况(2)American History Discovery of the New World The first Americans: the Indians Discoverer: Christopher Columbus Time: 1492 Renamed: 1499, by Italian navigator Amerigo Vespucci Christopher Columbus The Colonial Time Time: 1607---1733 The first colonial city: Jamestown (later became Virginia) Later 13 colonies were established Colonists: Poor peasants Persecuted puritans Colonies: New England: industry and commerce Southern parts: plantations Mayflower The War of Independence Time: 1775---1783 Backgrounds: development of the economy of the colonies; Oppression of Britain Prelude: 1773, the Boston Tea Party 1774, the first Continental Congress The process: 1775-4-19, the first shot of Lexington 1775-5-10, the second continental congress 1777-10, the victory in Saratoga (turning point of the war) 1781-10, the British soldiers surrendered 1783, America won the independence Civil War Time: 1861--1865 Participants: the South (Democratic) and the North(Republican) Cause: Abraham Lincoln was elected as president The Preface: Lincoln was elected as President---1860.11 South Carolina voted to leave the Union---the signal of the war The eleven southern states form an independent nation—the Confederate States of America (beginning) The process of the Civil War The first stage(1861-1862.summer) Failure after failure came to the North. (see the contrast) The second stage：（1862，9—1865，4） Homestead Bill（宅地法）—1862,5 The Emancipation Proclamation--- 1863,1,1 Battle of Gettysburg---1863,7.1, turning point The third stage: the victory. 1865,4,2 Richmond was abandon. ? The North The South Population 2234万 910万 Industry Developed Few railroads many Nearly zero Military Not well equipped Fully armed Special figures in the war Lincoln(1809-1865) the 16th president of America. Sailor, worker, postman,salesman Honest Abe Wide interests, reading books like Bible, works of Shakespeare Assassinated in 18