第一章prelude31.ppt

Chapter 1 Introduction of Bioseparation Learning objectives Overview of Biotechnology What is Biotechnology? Purposeful design and modification/assembly of bio-oriented materials (e.g., proteins/enzymes, microorganisms, plant/animal cells, tissues, stem cells etc.) and processes to benefit humans or produce valuable product for profit. the use of biological system (cells, tissues etc.) or biomolecules (enzymes/proteins, antibodies, DNA/RNA) for or in the manufacture of products at commercial scale : cost-effectiveness ? economically feasible Basic Biology / Medical sciences To discover and elucidate the underlying mechanisms of behaviors and disorders in living organisms, and eventually a drug target Biotechnology Production of valuable products at commercial scale Therapeutic proteins, vaccines, drugs, biofuels, amino acids, vitamins, hormones, fine chemicals, etc.. - Development of tools and methodology Recombinant DNA tech., Gene synthesis, Cell culture tech., Purification process, Formulation, Bioassay, Diagnosis, Delivery Content of Bioseparation Synthetic biology Genome sequences of more than 200 organisms Knowledge on functions of genes/enzymes Design and construction of new biological entities such as enzymes, genetic circuits, and cells or the redesign of existing biological systems (expansion of genetic code) Focus on the design and construction of core components (parts of enzymes, genetic circuits, metabolic pathways, etc.) that can be modeled, understood, and tuned to meet specific performance criteria, and the assembly of these smaller parts and devices into larger integrated systems that solve specific problems Design integrated circuits based on the known physical properties of materials and then fabricate functioning circuits and entire processors (with relatively high reliability) ? Create and build newly engineered biological systems Malaria infects 300-500 million people and causes 1-2 million deaths a ye