高考英语复习倒装结构全面讲解.pptVIP

倒装结构 Inversion 一.基本概念和形式 1.英语句子一般排列语序为“主语+谓语”，这叫陈述语序。如果排列语序变为“谓语或者谓语的一部分+主语”，就成了倒装语序。 2.英语倒装句可分为以下两种： ①全部倒装——整个谓语移至主语前面。 ②部分倒装——只把助动词、系动词或情态动词移至主语前面。 二.全部倒装 1.方位词in, out, there, here, inside, outside, up, down, away, off, downstairs, upstairs等以及now, then放在句首时，谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等，句子要全部倒装。 例句：①There goes the bell! ② Now comes your turn. 注意：如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序，例如： There he comes! Here you are! 2.直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，用全部倒装。例句： ① “What’s up, Tom?” asked Mother. ②“The car is mine,” said Tom. 注意：主语是人称代词时，仍然用陈述语序。例句： “The car is mine,” he said. 3.地点状语在句首，或者表语前置到句首， 句子用全部倒装。 例句：①On the bed lay a sick old man. ②Lying on the floor was a boy aged about seventeen. ③Gone are the days when we are enslaved. 三.部分倒装 把助动词，连系动词或情态动词放在主之前 1.用于省略if的虚拟条件从句中，should / were / had 被放在句首。例句： ① Should you change your mind, let us know. ②Were she you, she would tell her parents the truth. ③Had I not adopted my class teacher’s advice, I would have made such a serious mistake. 2.由so引起的，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人（或物）的句子。例句： He plays the piano quite well, so does my sister. 3.由neither或nor引起的，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人（或物）的句子 -- I won’t do such a thing. –Neither / Nor will I. -- I haven’t done my homework. –Neither / Nor have I. 4.含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首，如hardly, rarely, seldom, scarcely, barely, never, not, not…until, few, little, neither, nor, not only… in no case, by no means, no sooner…than, many a time, often 等。 例句： ①Not until the 19th century was the written examination probably known. ②Hardly had I reached the bus stop when the bus started. ③ No sooner had he arrived there than he fell ill. 注意：这些否定词副词修饰或连接主语时，主谓不倒装，仍然用陈述语序。例如： ①Hardly anyone believe that today. ②Not only you but also she has been to Beijing. ③Neither the girls nor John is to blame. 5.only + 状语（副词、介词短语、状语从句）放在句首时。例句： ①Only then did I realize the value of reading aloud every morning. ② Only after he came back was I able to see him. 注意：only修饰主语时仍然用陈述语序。 Only u