词法句法翻译.pptVIP

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  • 2017-06-05 发布于四川
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词法句法翻译 对等译法 对应 对等 语际转换的对应参数项=概念意义+形式意义+语境意义+风格意义+文化意义 完全对应( Full Equivalence):双语间对应转换的基础 汉英的完全对应词(2/5---1/4): 1 人称代词(/复数除外)及部分不定代词或指示代词; 2 数词,数理公式; 3 无歧义的科学技术名词及专业术语; 4 无歧义的人名,物名,地名; 5 无歧义的名词,定语搭配及常用的自由搭配,如:太阳---sun;白雪----white snow;rainy season----雨季; 完全对应( Full Equivalence) 6 无歧义或变义的核心句,如:I eat. (SV)---我吃;我爱音乐 (SVO)----I love music;He’s a Canadian. (SVC)---他是加拿大人; 7 若干定式寒暄语(conventional greetings), 如 bye bye---再见; good morning----早上好; 对等实例 汉英:单词的对等率最高,而词组、成语、谚语的对等率相对低一些-----单词的文化背景比较简单,单词本身的语义结构比较简单 一)单 词 1) television (名词) 电视 2) electricity(名词) 电 3) wheat (名词) 小麦 4) 坐 (动词) sit 5) 小 (形容词) small 6) 和 (连接词) and 二)成 语 speak one‘s mind 畅所欲言 at one‘s finger-tips 了如指掌 skin and bones 皮包骨头 from the cradle to the grave 一生一世 充耳不闻 turn a deaf ear to 大海捞针 1ook for a needle in a bundle of hay 得意忘形 have ones nose in the air 视而不见 turn a blind eye to 三)谚 语 Look before you leap. 三思而后行。 There is no smoke without fire. 无风不起浪。 Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧 出门一里,不如家里。 East and west, home is best. 皇天不负苦心人。 Everything comes to him who waits. 比喻意义、感情色彩和比喻形式 四)英译汉句子翻译实例 Unless you‘ve got an ace up your sleeve , we are dished. 除非你有锦囊妙计,否则我们是输定了。 You have a lucky star above you. 你真是福星高照。 He is reaping what he has sown. 他这是咎由自取。 五)汉译英句子翻译实例 你为什么要引狼入室?Why did you set the wolf to keep the sheep? 他是信口开河,他对经济一窍不通。He is shooting off his mouth. He does not know the first thing of economy. 对等译法:最基础、最常用、最接近 不完全对应 1一词多义及词的模糊性 例:“红”与“red” 2句法结构对词义的制约性 舍(舍弃)Abandon 舍(舍己为人)Sacrifice one’s own interests for the sake of others 示例 中学毕业生----a high school graduate (A.E) a school leaver (B.E) (a dropout----A.E) 宣传-----Propaganda:often used disparagingly to connote deception or distortion (.A.E) usu. derog. Information that is spread in a planned or official way, esp. by a government, in order to influence public opinion (B.E) 农民-----peasant: a person who is rude, behaves badly, or has little

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