英语句子成份.ppt

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习 1. 主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east. ???? He likes dancing. Twenty years is a short time in history. ?? Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. What he needs is a book. It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. 练习：指出下列句中主语的中心词 ① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. ④ To do todays homework without the teachers help is very difficult. 2. 谓语（predicate）：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。 We study English.???????? He is asleep. 练习： 选出句中谓语的中心词 ① I dont like the picture on the wall.? A. dont B. like C. picture D. wall ② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer ③ Do you usually go to school by bus?? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon. A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon 3. 表语（predicative）：系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 He is a teacher.? ????? You don’t look it. Five and five is ten. ??? He is asleep.? His father is in. ??????? The picture is on the wall.?? My watch is gone / missing / lost.? The question is whether they will come. 常见连系动词 1). “存在”类:表示存在或具有某种特征或状态.这类连系动词强调“存在”。常见的有:be(是),look(看起来),feel(摸上去),seem(似乎是),appear(似乎、显得),prove(证明是),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),sound(听起来)等。 2). “持续”类:表示某种情况或状态的持续。这类连系动词强调“持续”。常见的有:remain(依然),keep(保持),stay(保持),continue(继续、仍旧),stand(处于某状况或情形)等。 3). “变化”类:表示由一种情况或状态变化成另一种情况或状态。这类连系动词强调“变化”后的情况或状态.常见的有:become(变成), turn(变成), grow(变得), get(变得)等。 练习： 挑出下列句中的表语 ① The old man was feeling very tired.?? ② Why is he worried about Jim? ③ The leaves have turned yellow.?????? ④ Soon They all became interested in the subject. ⑤ She was the first to learn about it. 4. 宾语：1）动宾表示行为的对象，常由名词 或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。 如： I like China. ??? He hates you. How