压力容器“破前漏”准则的实验研究.pdfVIP

　试 　验 　研 　究　 压力容器“破前漏”准则的实验研究 安徽建筑工业学院　周道祥 　刘安中 摘 　要 :为了研究压力管道“破前漏”准则, 完成了两组带裂纹圆筒的静压爆破实验实验证明爆破压 力是由于裂纹穿透容器壁之后沿长度方向扩展的临界压力决定的, 泄漏压力是裂纹沿深度方向扩 展时由韧带的屈服撕裂所需要的极限压力决定的, 前者与后者之比大于 1, 则泄漏失效, 若该比值 小于 1 则爆破失效 。“破前漏”准则正确地预测了实验容器的失效方式, 用此方法分析一些文献给 出的实验数据, 其实验结果和理论符合较好 。 关键词 :管道; 断裂力学; 失效分析 ( ) 中图分类号 :TQ0513 　　文献标识码 :A 　　文章编号 :1001 - 4837 2003 04 - 0010 - 04 Experimental Study on Leak - before - break Code of Pressure Vessels Anhui Institute of Architecture Industry 　ZHOU Dao - xiang 　L IU An - zhong Abstract :The hydrostatic experiments of the cylinders were finished in order to study the leak - before - break criterina of the pressure vessels with surface cracks. The results of the experiments showed that the failure model of pressure vessels ,leaking failure or to explosion failure ,depends on the ratio between brittle fracture loads and elastic collap se limited loads of the pressure vessels. The former of two models were caused by the crack stress intensity factor and the fracture toughness. The latter was caused by the size of the crack ligament and flow stress of the material . If the ratio was larger than 1 ,leak failure will happen . If the ratio was smaller than 1 ,explosion failure will happen . This paper offered leak - before - break criteria of the pressure vessels. The same result of the failure analysis was got when the procedure was applied to analysis the similar experi mental results abroad and conclusion of analysis also proved that the procedure of assessment on failure was re liable . Key words :piping ;fracture mechanics ;failure analysis 已取得一些重要进展 。1999 年英国BS7910 已把“破