非谓语动词---V.-ing.ppt

2.动词-ing形式的否定形式是在其前面加not Not cleaning her teech made her breath smell bad. Your schoolmates not coming home on time made her parents worried. John apologized for his not being able to inform me of the change in the plan. 三、-ing形式作定语 1. 单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。如： drinking water = water for drinking a walking stick = a stick for walking a reading room = a room for reading boiling water =water that is boiling a developing country = a country that is developing a surprising result = a result that is surprising 一个惊人的结果 也可用作非限制定语, 用逗号分开。 His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. 3. –ing 做定语时，表示“主动”，常指“内容”。 I like some special novels, involving many different opinions. She received a call saying her mother had a fall. The government brought in new laws forcing people to show more respect for the beggars. 4. 如果一个及物动词作定语，既要表达进行意味，又要表达被动意味时，可用现在分词的被动语态。例如： The meeting being held is very important. 正召开的会议很重要。 The skyscraper being built is still higher than that built the year before last. 正在建的那幢摩天大楼比前年建的那幢还高。 重点把握：having done(现在分词的完成时态)表示该动作先于谓语动作发生，现在分词的完成式永远不能作定语。 四、-ing作宾语补足语 1. 1) 放在宾语后面, 强调动作的主动，正在进行 或表示一种状态。 1）When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance. 2) 当主句转换为被动结构时, 原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。如： They found the result very satisfying. = The result is found very satisfying. 这个结果很令人满意。 They heard him singing in the next room. = He was heard singing in the next room. 有人听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。 We mustn’t keep them waiting. = They mustn’t be kept waiting. 千万不能让他们等。 五、-ing形式作表语 1. -ing形式作表语时，放在系动词be, become, get(变得), look(看起来), seem, appear(似乎), sound (听起来), feel (摸起来), keep等之后。 e.g. Her hobby is painting. My job is looking after the children. It sounds interesting. The book seems boring. 2.动词-ing形式做主语和表语应遵循对称原则