非谓语动词综合复习ppt.ppt

非谓语动词 -----综合复习 非谓语动词 的种类： 　　1.to do 2.doing 3.done 一、非谓语动词 的时态和语态 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 进行式 完成式 一般式 完成被动式 不定式 动词ing --------- 过去分词 --------- --------- --------- to do to be doing to have done to be done to have been done doing having done being done having been done done 1.不定式的一般式（to do)：表示的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后。 观察： He came here to borrow a book. We set off early to get there on time. 2.不定式的完成式（ to have done):表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。 观察： I am sorry to have kept you waiting for such a long time. （一）不定式时态的用法 3.不定式的进行式（to be doing)：表示在谓语动词的动作发生时不定式的动作正在进行. 观察： The boy pretended to be reading when his mother came in. （二）不定式被动语态的用法 当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式一般用被动语态 观察： Its an honour for me to be invited to the party. 1.一般式(doing)：表示的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生. 观察： Seeing from the tower, I find the city very beautiful. I spent two hours in washing clothes. 2.完成式(having done):表示的动作发生发生在谓语动词动作之前。 观察： Having done the homework,he went to bed. Tom was praised for having made great progress. （三）doing时态的用法 当doing的逻辑主语与该动作之间为被动时，就用doing的被动语态形式。 观察： Being repaired, this house cannot be entered. He came in without being asked. I dont mind being left at home. （五）过去分词 观察：You should practice more to improve your spoken English. （四）doing语态的用法 The teacher walked into the classroom,followed by some students. 二、非谓语动词的句法功能 过去分词(done)本身表被动和已经完成的动作。 (一)作主语 1.doing和to do都可作主语，doing表一般或抽象的行为；to do表具体的、一次性的动作。 Learning a foreign language is very useful.(抽象） It is very useful for you to learn English well.(具体） 2.不定式作主语，常用it作形式主语，作主语的不定式短语后置。 3.doing在句型“it is no use(no good/useless/a waste of time) doing”中作主语，it 为形式主语。 Its nice of you to say so. (二)作宾语 I like swimming,but I dont like to swim today. 1.doing作宾语表经常性、习惯性的行为，to do 作宾语表具体的、一次性动作. 2.后接to do或doing作宾语的动词(四类）。 (三)作宾语补足语 I heard Tom sing a song just now. He asked me to finish it in time. 1.不定式作宾补和宾语有主谓关系强调动作已经发生或表一次性动作。 2.doing作宾补，强调动作主动、正在进行，延续性动作。 I heard Tom singing a song just now. The teacher kept the student