铜和铅在污水鱼塘中鱼体内的蓄积.pdfVIP

　 环 　境 　科 　学 　研 　究 　　 第 12 卷 　第 4 期 Research of Environmental Sciences Vol . 12 ,No . 4 ,1999 铜和铅在污水鱼塘中鱼体内的蓄积 1) 1) 1) 1) 2) 2) 2) 刘长发 　陶　澍 　曹 　军 　李本纲 　沈伟然 　殷 　红 　王 　迎 ( ) ) ) 1 北京大学城市与环境学系 ,北京 　10087 1 ; 2 天津市环境监测中心 ,天津 　300 19 1 摘 　要 　从天津污水鱼塘中采集了养殖的各种鱼 ,测定其鳃 、肝 、肾、肌肉等部位中的铜 、铅蓄积量 。并与水相金属形态化学平衡计算结果进行 了比较 。研究证实 ,铜 、铅蓄积量在鱼体中呈对数正态分布 ,与不同鱼种无显著关系 ,但在各部位之间明显不同。由于吸收/ 排放的动力学差 异 ,养殖后期鱼体中铅/ 铜蓄积比较中期低 ,反映了铅 、铜相对蓄积速率的下降趋势 。不同鱼塘鱼鳃的金属蓄积量与金属有效态含量呈正相关 。 关键词 　鱼 　金属 　污水 　形态 　部位 Accumulation of Copp er and L e a d in Fi sh Grown in Wa st ew at er Fi shp ond L IU Changfa1) 　TAO Shu1) 　CAO J un1) 　L I Ben ’gang1) 　SHEN Weiran2) 　YIN Hong2) 　WAN G Ying2) ( ) 1 Dep art ment of Urban and Environmental Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 　10087 1 ; 2) Tianjin Environmental Monitoring Center , Tianjin 　300 19 1) Abstract 　Fish of various sp ecies were collected from wastewater fishpond in Tianjin . Content s of copp er and lead were measured for gill , liver , kidney and muscle of t he fish . The metal sp eciation in t he pond was calculated using chemical equilibrium modeling. It was found t hat t he metal content s in t he fish were lognormal distributed . Significant difference between various organs , rat her t han fish sp ecies , was revealed . Due to difference in kinetics of metal absorption and excretion , ratio of copp er to lead decreased gradually , indicating t hat accumulation rate o