氢与类氢离子光谱精细结构理论计算的改进.pdfVIP

23 4 原 子 与 分 子 物 理 学 报 Vol. 23 No.4 2006 8 JOURNAL OF AT OMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS Aug. 2006 : 000-0364(2006) 04-0709-05 X XX 林和成 ( , 425006) : 原子光谱数据是研究原子结构的重要参数, 氢及类氢离子是原子物理和量子力学研究的理想体 系. 过对氢及类氢离子光谱精细结构数据的研究发现, 需要对Dirac 提出的有关理论公式进行改进. 本文 在考虑了电子的自旋角动量与轨道角动量的耦合作用后, 过对Bohr 理论中的电子运动角动量的修改, 推导出单电子体系的电子速度公式, 结合对SchrÊdinger 的原子轨道能级表达式相对论效应修正, 从而得出 本文的氢及类氢离子光谱精细结构值的理论计算公式, 应用此改进公式, 所得的计算值与实验观测值符合 得很好, 计算结果也反映了氢及类氢离子光谱精细结构数据变化的规律性. : 氢及类氢离子; 精细结构; 电子自旋与轨道耦合作用; 相对论效应 : O562. 3+ :A The theoretical improving f ormula for spectrum f ine splitti ng in hydrogen and hydrogen- like ions LIN He-cheng ( Department of Biological Science and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou 425006, P. R.China) Abstract: Atomic spectrum data are important parameters to research atomic structure, hydrogen and hydro- gen-like ions are idea system to study atomic physics and quantum mechanics. Studying on spectrum fine split- ting values of hydrogen and hydrogen-like ions, the Diracps theoretical formula of ones must be improved. In this paper, after taking over coupling effect between electronic spin and orbital angular momentum, to revise the formula of electronic angular momentum in Bohrps theory, and electronic speed formula is obtained in a single-electron system, and to correct the energy level formula of atomic orbit in Schr? dingerps method by relativistic effect, the theoretical improving formula is built for spectrum fine