笔译基础二第八讲.pptVIP

第八讲 汉语四字词组的英译 李国玉 liguoyu85@sina.cn 2014 分类 固定词组（成语）：瓮中之鳖、扬眉吐气、 一针见血、冷若冰霜、山穷水尽、格格不入 自由词组：品种齐全、质地优良、色泽鲜明、欢迎光临、国有资产、思想深沉、性格坚强 四字词组的修辞效果 言简意赅 形象生动 朗朗上口 一、四字成语的英译 四字成语是人们长期社会文化生活的积累，是一种约定俗称的语言形式。四字成语的语言符号意义与语用意义并非总是统一的，翻译是要注意区别，尽量做到在最大程度上保留形式与内容的统一，但不能统一时，应该优先考虑其语用效果。 1. 直译 如鱼得水 临阵磨枪 猫哭老鼠 对牛弹琴 雨后春笋 to feel like fish in water to sharpen one’s spear only before going to battle The cat weeps over the mouse. to play the harp to a bull. like bamboo shoots after a spring shower. 所以这李纨虽青春丧偶，且处在膏粱锦绣之中，竟如“槁木死灰”一般，一概不问。 ——《红楼梦》 So this young widow living in the lap of luxury was no better off than withered wood or cold ashes, taking no interest in the outside world. 2. 套用相似的英语习语 以牙还牙 隔墙有耳 一文不名 绞尽脑汁 针锋相对 千钧一发 浑水摸鱼 空中楼阁 乳臭未干 赴汤蹈火 a tooth for a tooth walls have ears without a penny to one’s name to rack one’s brains give tit for tat hung by a thread to fish in troubled water castles in the air be wet behind the ears to go through fire and water 学生们三三两两地坐在教室里。 The students took their seats in the classroom by twos and threes. 不要斤斤计较。 Do not haggle over every ounce. 3. 意译成意思相同的英语习语 徒劳无益 小题大做 直截了当 水中捞月 掌上明珠 害群之马 to hold a candle to the sun to make much ado about nothing without further ado to fish in the air the apple of one’s eye a black sheep 她经常在邻里之间搬弄是非。 She often tells tales among the neighbors. 只有破釜沉舟地跟他们拼，也许还有翻身的一天。 All you can do is burn your boats and fight them in the hope that one day you’ll come out on top. 4. 意译 明火执仗 快马加鞭 牵肠挂肚 五光十色 单枪匹马 立竿见影 鸡毛蒜皮 顺手牵羊 to do evil things openly to speed up to be full of anxiety and worry multicolored all by oneself to get instant results Trifles to walk off with… 他们为敌人效尽犬马之劳。 They worked faithfully in the service of the enemies. 敌军闹得全村鸡犬不宁。 The enemy troops threw the whole village into great disorder. 那个小伙子有点愣头愣脑的。 The young fellow is somewhat rash. 我的事现在搞得满城风雨，人尽皆知了。 There had been too much publicity about my case. 他虽然还小，但对将来要从事的事业已经是胸有成竹了。 Young as he is, he has had a