高中语文必修1至5文言知识.docxVIP

人教版高中语文（必修一至必修五）文言文知识点总结《烛之武退秦师》知识点一．一词多义?????????_________________?1、?“之”①公从之_________________?②许之??_________________?③将焉取之_________________?④子犯请击之_________________???⑤臣之壮也，犹不如人_________________???⑥邻之厚，君之薄也_________________???⑦行李之往来，共其乏困_________________?2、???“以”“而”①吾不能早用子，今急而求之，是寡人之过也_________________?②敢以烦执事_________________???③越国以鄙远_________________???④因人之力而敝之_________________???⑤以乱易整，不武_________________??3、?“焉”①子亦有不利焉_________________②焉用亡郑以陪邻_________________③朝济而夕设版焉_________________④将焉取之_________________?????????4、“其”①以其无礼于晋_________________②君知其难也_________________③吾其还也_________________???注：思考练习三中“若、说、辞、鄙、微”自己整理到积累本上。???二．通假字?①今老矣，无能为也已_________________?②行李之往来，共其乏困_________________???③秦伯说????????????_________________???④失其所与，不知???_________________??三．词类活??①晋军函陵、秦军汜南_________________???②既东封郑??????????_________________???③若不阙秦??????????_________________???④因人之力而敝之，不仁_________________???⑤越国以鄙远?????????_________________???⑥若亡郑而有益于君??_________________???⑦烛之武退秦师??????_________________???四．古今异义???①夫人：古义：_________________今义：_________________???②行李?：古义：_________________今义：_________________????????????????????????????????????????????五．特殊句式????????????????????????????????????A．以其无礼于晋_________________B.?若亡郑而有益于君_________________???C.佚之狐言于郑伯?_________________????D.晋军函陵,秦军汜南_________________??E．辞曰：“臣之壮也，犹不如人；________________??F．敢以烦执事_________________?G\?夫晋，何厌之有_________________??????????????????????????????????????????《荆轲刺秦王》文言知识点小结一、通假字1.秦王必说见臣_________________2.日以尽矣??????_________________3.今日往而不反者?_________________4.?燕王诚振怖大王之威_________________5.荆轲奉樊於期头函????_________________6.图穷而匕首见???????_________________7.秦王还柱而走???_________________8.卒起不意?卒惶急无以击轲_______________二、古今异义1.樊将军以穷困来归丹_________________2.仰天太息流涕?????_________________3.丹不忍以己之私，而伤长者之意_______________4.今有一言，可以解燕国之患_________________5.持千金之币物?????_________________6.秦王方还柱走?????_________________7.诸郎中执兵???????_________________8.左右既前，斩荆轲_________________?三、词类活用现象：?1.进兵北略地????????_________________2.此臣日夜切齿拊心也_________________3.函封