第六讲动词的时态与语态.pptVIP

三.一般将来时（will/shall＋do）: 1.Will、shall表示没有经过事先考虑,而是在说话的时候才决定做某事,e.g. --You forget to close the door. --Oh, I’ll close it at once. 2. be going to +不定式，表示将来。 主语的意图，即将做某事。 e.g. What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？ b. 计划，安排要发生的事。 e.g. The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。 c. 有迹象要发生的事。 e.g. Look at the dark clouds; there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。 3. be +to do表将来，按计划或安排将发生的事; 命中注定的事; 命令。 e.g. We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。 4. be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事,不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来的时间状语连用。 e.g. He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。 5. be due to与时间表,旅行计划等有关。 e.g. The train is due to leave at 7:00. 4．过去将来时和过去完成时都是相对过去时间而存在的时态，在答题时，一定要仔细揣摩上下文的时间关系。 She said that she would buy a house for her father. He had been killed before the police came. 过去 现在 killed came 5．leave，go，arrive，take，fly，start，begin，come等动词的现在式可表计划安排好的将来，它们的进行时也可以表示将来动作。 现在进行时表将来 He is arriving in China tomorrow. = He will arrive in China tomorrow. 6．be going to表早就安排好的将来，或表根据某种迹象判断要发生的事情。 will/shall表临时决定要做的动作。 be to表按约定计划或按职责、义务将要发生的动作，强调主语的意志和决心。 be about to表马上就要发生的动作，不能与表示将来的确切时间状语连用。 —What are you going to this evening?—Im going to see a film with my friend. —Havent you known Mr. Wang is ill?—Really？Then Ill go to see him instead. —How about seeing a film tomorrow?—Sorry，I cant. I am to take the driving test. 7．如果句中有so far，by now，in the last few years，till now，up to now等表示时间的短语，谓语动词只能用现在完成时。 So far, I haven’t seen your parents. 8．句型It is the first time...、This is the last time...中，从句的谓语要用现在完成时。 It is the first time I have had hamburger, it is delicious. 句型It was the first time...、This was the last time...中，从句的谓语要用过去完成时。 It was the second time I had seen the film, it’s still very moving. 9．句中的状语是by the end of＋过去时间，动词用过去完成时。 By the end of last year, we had helped a lot of people by donating. 句中的状语是by the end of＋将来时间，动词用将来完成时。 By the end of the next century, China will have become a developed country. 1.一