专八 措辞学(国外英文资料).docVIP

专八 语言学(国外英文资料)One, language and linguisticsThe distinguishing feature of language: Design of features of languageArbitrary arbitrariness means that there is no natural connection between a language symbol and its meaningDuality duality refers to the two layers of structureCreative creativity means language can be createdThe shift of the term displacement means that language can represent an object, time, and point of view that cannot be reached in time and spaceThe function of language (not so important)Information function sortsInterpersonal interpersonal functionAs a performative functionEmotive functionThis is phatic communicationRecreational functionMetalingual function3, the main branch of linguisticsPhonetics, phonetics, studies the production, dissemination, and acceptance of speech in human speechPhonology is a phonology that studies speech and syllable structure, distribution and sequenceThe internal structure of morphology and the rules of word formationSyntax syntax studies sentence structure, word and phrase combination rulesThe semantics of semantics are not only concerned with the meaning of words as words, but also the meaning of words above and below. The meaning of words and sentencesPragmatics pragmatics research significance in the contextMacrolinguistics macrolingusticsPsycholinguistics, psycholinguistics sociolinguistic anthropological studies of anthropological anthropological studies of human linguisticsThe important distinction in linguisticsRules and descriptions: prescriptive shows how things should beDescription: what does the mean say about the situationSynchronic research and diachronic study: synchronic studies a specific period languageDiachronic studies the development of languageLanguage and speech: langue means the whole of the language systemSpeech: refers to the language of concrete practiceLanguage and language: Chomsky offersAbility: the language knowledge reserve of the people who speak the languageApplication: the actual langu