癌症治疗地副作用.PDFVIP

癌症治疗的副作用 Cancer Treatment Side Effects Cancer treatments, such as radiation and 癌症治疗，如放疗和化疗，是用于破坏身体 chemotherapy, are used to destroy cancer 的癌细胞。癌细胞的生长和分裂比健康细胞 cells in the body. Cancer cells grow and 快。癌症治疗是为了对这些快速生长的细胞 divide more quickly than healthy cells. 进行作用。放疗和化疗能影响一些健康的快 Cancer treatments are made to work on 速生长细胞而引起副作用。 these fast growing cells. Radiation and 对大多数人确有一些副作用。您的副作用及 chemotherapy can affect some healthy, fast 其严重程度取决于您的治疗及您的身体如何 growing cells causing side effects. 对治疗产生反应。一些最常见的副作用包 Most people do have some side effects. The 括： side effects you have and how severe they • 疲劳 are depend on your treatments and how • 腹泻或便秘 your body reacts to them. Some of the most common include: • 口腔、牙龈和咽喉不适或有溃疡 • Tiredness • 恶心或呕吐 • Diarrhea or constipation • 疼痛 • Mouth, gum, and throat discomfort or • 称为秃发的毛发脱落 sores • 皮肤和指甲有毛病，包括皮疹、发红、瘙 • Nausea or vomiting 痒、起皮、干燥、痤疮及对阳光更加敏感 • Pain • 忧郁症或感觉忧伤 • Hair loss called alopecia • Skin and nail problems including rashes, redness, itching, peeling, dryness, acne and increased sensitivity to the sun • Depression or feeling distressed Common side effects in the blood include: 常见的血液方面的副作用包括： • Too few red blood cells called anemia. • 称为贫血的极少量红血球。身体组织得不 The body tissues do not get enough 到充足的氧。 oxygen. • 称为嗜中性白血球减少症的极少量白血 • Too few white blood cells called 球。这使身体很难应付感染。 neutropenia. This makes it hard for the • 极少量的血小板。这使身体易于受伤出 body to fight infections.