萨维尼实质诉讼法理论及其现实意义.pdfVIP

.72. 2016 年第 6 期 法律科学(西北政法大学学报) 文章编号: 1674 - 5205 (2016) 06 -0072-( 016) 萨维尼实质诉讼法理论及其现实意义 陈刚 (华东政法大学法律学院，上海 201620) 〔摘 要〕 萨维尼将民事诉讼法分为诉讼程序规范和实质诉讼法，并对之以公法和私法加以区别，将实质诉 讼法当作其创建的现代罗马法体系的重要组成部分。萨维尼以实体诉权理论(私法诉权说)为基础，运用动态分析 方法，按照诉权与抗辩权、争讼程序(争点决定)、既判力、替代判决、权利恢复之顺序构建了实质诉讼法体系。从法 系意识论上考察，实质诉讼法理论曾对法国法、苏联法影响甚极，又通过苏联法对我国民事诉讼法理的形成和发展 产生过重大影响。但由于诸多原因，我国民事诉讼法学没有着实接受苏联法学的实体诉权理论，以致沦为只见诉 讼程序而不见诉讼实体的诉讼程序法学。本文藉萨维尼实质诉讼法理论之初介，因我国民事诉讼法学之再定 位，通过树立以诉讼程序和诉讼实体相结合的民事诉讼法律现象为研究对象的民事诉讼法学，使之得以自我完善 和发展，同时也为提升我国民法典编筝的品质作出其应有的学术贡献。 〔关键词〕 萨维尼;实质诉讼法;民事诉讼程序;诉权:权利保护 Abstract: Savigny regardes the civillitigation law as a combination of procedural litigation law (das Verfahren in Civil - Prozessen) and substantive litigation law (das materielle Proze? recht) which a肥 defined as public law and private law respectively , and treats the substantive litigation law as a crucial part in his system of modern Roman law. Based on the substantive law attribute of the right to action (Zivilistische Klagrechtsheorie) , Savigny adoptes a dynamic analysis ap- proach and constructs the system of substantive litigation law in a logical order of right to action and right to defense , liti- gious contestation (Litis contestation) , res judicata , surrogate of a句udication ， and restitution of right. Regarding the legal family , the theoηof substantive litigation law had much effect on the laws of France and the Soviet Union , and gave further influence on the formation and development of the theory of civillitigation law in China via the Soviet Union s law. But the theo巧。f the substantive law attribute of th