名词性从句语法解释.docVIP

名词性从句： 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句在句中的作用相当于一个名词，所以把它们统称为名词性从句 一、宾语从句 注意一：引导词的选择： 1). You’ll have to decide_____ car we’ll use, yours or mine. 2). You’ll have to decide_____ car we’ll use, the old one or the new one. 3). You’ll have to decide_____ we’ll use the new car for. 4). You’ll have to decide_____ we’ll use the new car. A. which B. what C. whose D. whether 提醒1：check/make sure 不用if/whether 引导从句，而用that: Check that everything is in order, please. Make sure that the door is locked before you leave the lab. 提醒2：doubt：肯定：______ 否定/疑问：______ I doubt ______ she is liked. I don’t doubt ______she is liked. Do you doubt ______she is liked? 提醒3： I am sure _____; I am not sure ______ I am not sure whether/if the news is true. I am sure that the news is true. 注意二：从句的谓语动词形式：当主句的谓语动词为过去时态时，从句的动词要用相应的过去时态（适用所有从句） He said he would come if he had time. 例外：1. 当从句为客观真理或普遍事实时， 用一般现在时： The teacher said that the earth turn around the sun. 2. 当主句谓语动词为一坚持、二命令、三建议、四要求等动词时， 从句常用should+v原 He demanded that they should be there on time. 注意三：从句的语序：所有从句都用陈述句语序： I don’t know where he has gone. 注意四：混合型的宾语从句： 1. 否定的转移：当主句的谓语动词为think, suppose, expect, believe, imagine等时，其后的宾语从句为否定句时，常将否定词not 从从句中转移到主句中，构成否定转移： We don’t think there is anything of interest in your picture. 2. 插入语：wh- +do you think/believe/suppose/suggest…? What do you suppose they need? Where do you think the boy has gone? 注意五：in that : 在于，因为：引导宾语从句 Human beings are different from animals in that they can use languages as a tool to communicate. 注意六：形式宾语的运用： 1. S+V+it+adj/n+to do/doing/从句 He made it clear that he would leave office soon. Don’t take it for granted that your parents should do everything for you. 2. 固定：like, dislike, hate, appreciate, depend on, rely on, see to 等+it+ 从句 I would appreciate it if you could call me in advance. I hate it when people talk with their mouths full. 注意七： 在think, imagine, suppose, guess, hope 等词后，以及在I’m afraid等后， 可以用so 代替上文宾语从句所表达的肯定的意思，用not 表达否定的意思： I think so. /I don’t think