强调句及It is.docVIP

强调句及It is ... that/since/before等句型归纳 强调结构中被强调的成分通常是句中的主语、宾语、地点状语或时间状语。例如下面一句,?我们可分别对其不同成分进行强调： John wore a white suit at the dance last night. 1.It was John that/who wore a white suit at the dance last night.（强调主语） 2. It was a white suit that John wore at the dance last night. (强调宾语） 3. It was at the dance that John wore a white suit last night. (强调地点状语） 4. It was last night that John wore a white suit at the dance.（强调时间状语） 强调结构亦可用来强调某些状语从句： It was because he was ill that he didnt come to school yesterday.（强调?because?引导的原因状语从句） It was only when the war was over in 1949 that he was able to get back home.?? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????(强调when?引导的时间状语从句） It was not until his father came back that he went to bed. (强调?until引导的时间状语从句） 现谈谈强调结构中值得注意的几个问题： 一.?强调结构中的时态问题 如果被强调的成分，原句谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，强调结构用?It is...that/who;?如果原句的谓语动词是过去时态，则用 It was...that/who;?有时还可用?be?的其它形式。例如： It is the people who/that are really powerful. It was in the street that I met your brother yesterday. It must be your mother who you are thinking of. 二.?强调结构中代词的格和谓语人称与数的问题 如果被强调的部分是原句的主语, that/who??后面的谓语在人称和数上均应与原句主语一致,?不与?it?一致。例如： It is you that/who are to blame. It is I that am mistaken. 一般说来,?强调主格人称代词就用主格,?强调宾格人称代词就用宾格,?但有时被强调的格与原句中的格不一致。例如： I met her in the street this morning. It was her that I met in the street this morning. ????her?在原句中是?met?的宾语,??所以被强调时仍用宾格形式,?但也可用主格she?替换?her。例如： It was she that I met in the street this morning. 这时,?说话者遵循传统语法,?认为动词?be?后面的代词用主格,而不管这个代词在原句中究竟是主格还是宾格。 强调主格时也有两种情况,?尤其是在非正式的口语中常用宾格代替主格。例如： They saved the drowning girl. It was they who saved the drowning girl. It was them who saved the drowning girl. 三.?强调结构中的一般疑问句和特殊疑问句问题 一般疑问句只需将?It?与?is/was?交换位置即可。例如： Was it you that broke the window? Was it here that you met him? 如强调疑问句,?需将疑问词置于句首： Who was it that called him comrade? What is it that you are going to do? When is it that they will leave? 四.?强调结构中的?that/who?在口语中常可省略： It was you