【2017年整理】静脉输液操作.ppt

静 脉 输 液 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 静脉输液（intravenous infusion）是利用大气压和液体静压原理将大量无菌液体、电解质、药物由静脉输入体内的方法。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 静脉输液的原理及目的 原理 输液系统内压(大气压和液体静压)＞人体静脉压 目的 补充水分及电解质 补充营养，供给热能 输入药物，治疗疾病 增加循环血量，改善微循环 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 输液原则 输入溶液的种类及量应根据患者的水、电解质及酸碱平衡紊乱的程度来决定 一般遵照原则: 先晶后胶 先盐后糖 宁酸勿碱 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 补钾原则 不宜过浓 不宜过快 不宜过多 不宜过早 不超过0.3% 30-40滴/分 成人：5g/日 小儿：0.1-0.3g/kg体重 见尿补钾 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 部 位 静脉输液时，应根据病人的具体病情、 身体胖瘦、病程长短选择合适的部位 这对于能否及时、准确地完 成输液治疗有密切的关系 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 二、常用的输液部位有 周围静脉 头皮静脉 颈外静脉 锁骨下静脉 股静脉 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 周围静脉 上肢 肘正中静脉 头静脉 贵要静脉 手背静脉 网 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 手 背 静 脉 网 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 周围静脉 下肢 大隐静脉 小隐静脉 足背静脉网 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 头皮静脉 通过头皮浅表静脉输液，小儿多选此部位。 颞浅静脉、 额静脉、 耳后静脉、 枕静脉。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 颈外静脉 取下颌角和锁骨上缘中点连线的上 1/ 3处，颈外静脉外侧缘为穿刺点 锁骨下静脉 取胸锁乳突肌外侧缘与锁骨上缘所形成的夹角平分线上，距顶点0．5--1cm处为穿刺点 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Asp