章曦 托福写作中排比结构的运用.docxVIP

托福写作中排比结构的运用 I came; I saw; I conquer. ( 我来了；我看见；我征服) 出自古罗马统治者Julius Caesar之口的三个气势磅礴、铿锵有力的排比句给后人留下了深刻印象。排比是一种写作中使用范围广泛、表现力较强的修辞方法。由于排比结构能清晰地表达思想，加强语势，酣畅淋漓地抒发感情，阐明观点，使一个句子或一个段落的思想内容逐步递进，所以读来印象至深。排比结构不仅被众多的大作家、小说家所采用，而且备受政治家、演说家的青睐，由此我们可以看出排比结构的魅力。 在我们托福写作的评分标准中有明确的指出好的文章要做到句法的多样性，无疑，在托福写作中使用排比句是体现句法多样性的有效手段之一。 首先， 排比这种修辞手法的构成可以分为两种：词或者短语的排比和句子的排比。词（短语）的排比也称之为词（短语）的并列，在形成排比的过程中我们要注意词性一致，单复数一致和结构一致的三原则。 Three?passions,?simple?but?overwhelmingly?strong,?have?governed?my?life:?the?longing?for?love,?the?search?for?knowledge,?and?unbearable?pity?for?the?suffering?of?mankind.（名词排比） A?conscientious?professor?always?prepares?his?lecture?carefully,?intelligently?and?prudentially. （副词排比） As?one?of?modern?college?students,?I?get?online?everyday?to?acquire?the?information?I?need,?to?download?the?music?and?movie?l?like,?and?to?chat?with?the?friends?I?miss.（动词排比） Studies?server?for?delight,?for?ornament,?and?for?ability.（介词排比） 句子的排比： One may dream to experience a romantic love story on campus; one may be eager to be influenced by the strong academic atmosphere in the university; one may expect to earn big money after graduation from the university. A tour guide may share all the stories concerning a certain historic site with me; a tour guide will arrange hotels, meals, and transportation during the trip; a tour guide can even alleviate my worries and give some suggestions for my shopping, then why not choose to travel with a tour guide? 在了解了排比句的构成之后，我们来看一看在托福写作中要如何灵活的运用排比结构。 1 用于开头 在模板泛滥的托福开头段写作中，要想别出心裁又不用绞尽脑汁的一个好方法就会用排比结构。下面是一篇关于why should we study history 的文章的开头。 People live in the present. They plan for and worry about the future. History, however, is the study of the past. Given all the desirable and available branches of knowledge, why insist—as most American educational programs do—on a good bit of history? And why urge many students to study even more history than they are required to? 在这个开头段的末尾，作者用两个特殊疑问句的并列结构，既引出了话题，要论了学习历史的必要性，又暗示了下文。更重要的是，这两个并列的问句使文章开头富于创意，引起读者的兴趣。 那么在