【尚友制造】SAT2化学概念整理.pdfVIP

尚友制造 SAT2 化学概念整理 Matter: anything that occupied space and has mass. Mass: the quantity of matter which a substance possesses and, depending on the gravitational force acting on it, has a unit of weight assigned to it. Weight: W=mg Inertia （惯性）: property of mass to resist a change of position or motion. Density 密度: relationship of mass to unit volume. D=m/v Solid: has both a definite size and a definite shape. Liquid: has a definite volume but takes the shape of the container. Gas: has neither a definite shape nor a defin ite volume. Distinct substance(纯净物):can be subdivided into smallest particle that still has the property of that s ubstance. Element: if the substance is made up of only one kind of atom. Compound: two of more kinds of atoms join together in a definite grou ping. Molecule: the smallest naturally occurring unit of a compound. Physical properties: properties that can usually be observed with our sense. Chemical properties: properties that can be observed in regard to whether of not a substance reacts with other substance. Physical change: alters some aspect of the physical properties of matter, but the composition remains constant. Chemical changes: changes in the composition and structure of a substance and always accompanied by the energy changes. Exothermic reaction: the energy released in the formation of a new structure exceeds the chemical e nergy in the original substances, the energy will be given off, usually in the form of heat o