基于Pathfinder地铁区间火灾人员疏散仿真探究.docVIP

基于Pathfinder地铁区间火灾人员疏散仿真探究 　　摘 要：为了有效解决地铁发生区间隧道火灾时人员逃生距离较长且危险性较大的问题，对于设有联络通道的隧道，可研究人员在区间隧道发生火灾时利用其逃生的安全性。该文以某市地铁一号线南关岭-华北路站为研究对象，进行了经验公式与Pathfinder软件模拟结果的对比，验证了软件模拟的精确性。并基于Pathfinder软件，分析了列车在联络通道附近发生火灾时的人员疏散，结果表明：采用常规的联络通道尺寸，当列车距离联络通道长度大于150 m时，可用安全疏散时间小于所需安全疏散时间，人员不能安全逃生，但通过增加联络通道宽度到10～12 m或增加联络通道个数可减少人员所需安全疏散时间，从而实现安全逃生。希望研究结果能为地铁运营部门安全管理提供参考 关键词：地铁 联络通道 安全疏散 隧道火灾 中图分类号：U23 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1674-098X（2017）01（a）-0019-06 Study on Personnel Evacuation of Fire in Subway Tunnel Based on Pathfinder Zhang Hao Dong Sihui （School of Civil and Safety Engineering， Dalian Jiaotong University， Dalian Liaoning， 116028， China） Abstract：In order to effectively solve the personnel escaped distance is longer and dangerous when the subway tunnel fire. If a cross-passage exists， it may be useful to research the safety of passengers to escape. Taking the subway tunnel between Nanguanling station and Huabeilu Station as the research object， the accuracy of software simulation is verified when contrast the empirical formula and Pathfinder software simulation results. Personnel evacuation when the train is near the middle of the tunnel was studied based on the soft Pathfinder. The results show that adopting conventional cross-passage can?t assure the passengers safety evacuation. The available safety egress time less than required safety egress time when the distance of train near cross-passage distance is greater than 150 meters. The required safety egress time was decreased by increasing the cross-passage width to 10～12 meters or quantity. So the passengers can escape safely. The results can provide a reference for the subway operation enterprise to prepare personnel safety management. Key Words：Subway； Cross-passage； Safety evacuation； Tunnel fire 地?F火灾分为站台火灾、站厅火灾、区间隧道火灾。地铁系统与外界的联系主要为出口和入口，在发生火灾时人员逃生区域受限制，特别是在高峰期人员密集时，相比于其他两种火灾，地铁区间隧道火灾具有更大的危害性。区间隧道火灾的特点是热且烟危害严重；人员逃生条件差；消防救援难度大[1] 列车在地铁区间隧道内发生火灾时，《地铁设计规范》（GB 50157-2013）规定的疏散原则是乘务人员尽量将列车驶出隧道并进入前方车站，此时的通风模式应为站台火灾模式；