2016新课标三维英语必修四unit2-S33.docVIP

Section_ⅢGrammar— 动词-ing形式作主语和宾语 语法图解 探究发现 ①Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. ②As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. ③Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields. ④However, he doesn’t care about being famous. ⑤He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. ⑥Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him. ⑦Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing. ⑧He awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people. ⑨Mary’s being late for class made her teacher angry. ⑩It is no use arguing with him about such a matter. [我的发现] (1)以上动名词短语(加黑部分)在句中作主语的是①⑥⑦⑨⑩；作动词宾语的是⑤；作介词(短语)宾语的是②③④⑧。 (2)⑨句中为动名词的复合结构作主语。 (3)⑩句中it作形式主语。 概念：动词-ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，包括现在分词和动名词两种。 动词-ing形式的时态和语态： 　　语态 时态　　 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 动词-ing形式在句中的语法作用：动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，现在分词在句中作状语、宾语补足语和定语。 一、动词-ing形式作主语 1．动词-ing形式作主语时，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于句首。 Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language. 大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。 Wasting a persons time is the same as killing him for his property. 浪费别人的时间无异于谋财害命。 [名师点津]　(1)不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。 To lie to her is wrong. 对她撒谎不对。 (2)动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old. 对于老人来说爬山确实困难。 [即时演练1]　补全句子 ①Playing_with_fire is dangerous. 玩火危险。 ②Be careful！To_play_with_fire will be dangerous. 小心点！玩火会带来危险。 ③Swimming_is_a_good_sport in summer. 夏天游泳是一项好的体育活动。 2．形式主语it代替动词-ing形式作主语。 此类句式常见的有： Its a waste of time doing sth.　　　做某事是浪费时间 Its useless/worthwhile doing sth. 做某事没用/是值得的 Its no good/use/fun doing sth. 做某事没好处/没用/没意思 It is no use waiting for other people to make decisions for you. 等别人替你做决定是没有用的。 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。 [即时演练2]　用所给词的适当形式填空 ①It is a waste of time trying (try) to persuade him to give up playing computer games. ②It is worthwhile