泰安茶区不同品种嫩梢生化成分季节差异探析.docVIP

泰安茶区不同品种嫩梢生化成分季节差异探析 　　摘要：为筛选泰安地区适生的优质无性系茶树良种，探究不同季节各品种的新梢生化特性，为不同季节优质茶类加工提供理论依据，对比分析了泰安地区长势良好的12个无性系引种品种春、夏、秋三季嫩梢的主要品质生化成分。结果表明：（1）10个绿茶和红绿茶兼制品种春季生化适制性未发生变化，但夏、秋季酚氨比值均大于8，符合?t茶和乌龙茶的生化适制特性；（2）金萱、黄观音、正谷大白、槠叶齐、碧香早、白毫早六个品种的水浸出物含量高和/或可溶性糖、可溶性果胶、可溶性蛋白三者的总量高，可作为泰安茶区夏秋优质茶生产的主栽品种。（3）不同生化成分含量随季节呈现出多种变化类型，推测与品种的生态型有关 关键词：茶树；品种；嫩梢；季节差异；生化成分；泰安茶区 中图分类号：S571.101文献标识号：A文章编号：1001-4942（2017）03-0058-06 AbstractIn order to screen high quality clonal tea varieties suitable for Taian area， and explore the biochemical characteristics of young shoots of different varieties in different seasons to provide theoretical bases for the processing of high-quality tea， we compared the contents of main biochemical components in young shoots of 12 introduced clonal tea varieties in Taian area in spring， summer and autumn. The results showed that the processing suitability of 10 clonal varieties for green or both green and black tea did not change in spring， but it turned to be suitable for black tea or oolong tea in summer and autumn because their phenol ammonia ratio was larger than 8. The contents of water extracts and/or total of soluble sugar， soluble pectin and soluble protein of six clonal varieties including Jinxuan， Huangguanyin， Zhenggudabai， Zhuyeqi， Bixiangzao and Baihaozao were high， so they could be used as the main cultivars for high-quality tea in summer and autumn in Taian. The contents of different biochemical components showed different change types in different seasons， which might be related to the ecotype of species. KeywordsTea tree； Variety； Young shoots； Seasonal difference； Biochemical components；Taian tea area 泰安是山东“南茶北引”成功最早的茶区之一，近年来在泰安市委、市政府的大力扶持下，茶产业得到快速发展，目前已成为山东引种无性系良种数量最多、并实现无性系良种规模化种植的茶区。据2015年底不完全统计，泰安从浙江、福建和湖南等省共引种无性系茶树良种69个，规模化种植抗性强、适制绿茶的中小叶品种12个，适制乌龙茶以及多茶类的品种3个 由于引种地泰安与品种原产地在气候条件上存在较大差异[1]，研究人员对茶树引种后的适应性、抗性以及新梢生长发育时期和芽叶经济性状等的变化情况进行了较全面的调查研究[2，3]，这为筛选适宜泰安茶区栽种的无性系良种提供了科学依据。但目前对这些引种品种嫩梢的品质生化成分缺乏系统研究，尚不明确泰安茶区栽种品种新梢品质生化成分的组成特点以及随季节的变化情况，因而不利于从现有适应性、抗