计算机硬件常识1（国外英文资料）.doc

计算机硬件常识1（国外英文资料） Computer hardware common sense [recommendation] A, about the CPU The higher the CPU, the higher the performance? Not necessarily. This is a myth that exists in many novices. CPU performance depends on a number of complex parameters, not necessarily the root frequency. Of course, in the same series of cpus, for example, it is the cy young 4, and the higher the frequency, the higher the performance. Why is cy young low? And the velociraptor series low-frequency energy? So lets talk about what a cache is. Cache Cache (English name), that is, Cache memory, is located in the CPU and main memory DRAM (i.e., memory) between the size of a small but high speed memory Cache (hard disk, CD writer also is a reason). CPU caches in two, one is internal Cache, also called L1 (L1 Cache) : closed within the CPU chip Cache, used for temporary storage when the CPU operation instructions and data, access speed is consistent with the CPU frequency. The larger the L1 cache, the lower the number of L2 cache and memory exchange data between the CPU and the CPU, and the faster the relative computer can be. External Cache, also known as secondary data Cache (L2 Cache) : CPU external Cache, L2 Cache is now the processor and CPU running under the same frequency (P2, P3 level 2 Cache before running under the half is equivalent to the CPU frequency). Cy young basic architecture and contemporary pentium is similar, but its low frequency, low FSB, and caching compared with pentium series badly shrunk (Northwood core celeron 4 second level cache is only 128 k, 512 k and Northwood core P4 level 2 cache). A three-fourths reduction in the cache greatly reduces the cost, but also causes a sharp drop in CPU power. And velociraptor series level cache is as high as 128 k, TA, TB core athlon second level cache is 256 k, Barton, and later the core athlon level2 cache at 512 k, coupled with its accurate instruction branch prediction and three-way data validation (or triangle data calibration