3 第三讲 江西时期和长征.pptVIP

Lecture 3, The Jiangxi Era and the Long March China from Revolution through Socialist Era Great News! Long Essay due date, changed to 14 Jan 2014 Mount Jinggangshan （井冈山） Revolutionary Base in Mount Jinggangshan In Jiangxi Province Established Oct 1927 by Mao Zedong The Zhu De troop joined-force in April 1928 Created the Border Area Government, independent from State’s control Led to the founding of the first Chinese Soviet Republic Jan, 1931, in Southern Jiangxi The Party: Before the Ya’an Era Orthodox Stage, 1921-1927 Peasant Stage, 1927-1935 The Party, 1921-1927 CCP too small, lacked armed forces Follow Marxism/Leninism orthodox of organizing urban labor movement/revolution—Comintern Directions Made alliance with the GMD, following Soviet/Comintern order needed alliance with GMD to end warlordism and govern China But death of Sun (12 March 1925) and General Chiang Kaisheks succession curbed influence of GMD left (from March 1926) Social revolution in the 1920s Social revolution breaking out in China by 1925 regardless of CCP and GMD aims Peng Pais peasant mobilization in Hailufeng (Guangdong), from 1922 GMD support included landowners - rent reductions too radical for them Communist reservations also - peasant excesses might provoke backlash Mao on CCP options regarding the peasant movement: “To march at their head and lead them? To follow in the rear, gesticulating at them and criticizing them? To face them as opponents? Every Chinese is free to choose among the three.” (Quoted in Spence, Modern China (London: Hutchinson, 1990), 356) Destruction of Communist and labour movements in Shanghai Northern Expedition troops moved in April 12, 1927 to wipe out Communist and labour forces Many killed in fighting, others arrested, tortured, executed later Chiang’s forces also shot unarmed protestors who came onto streets to support workers and condemn GMD A similar killing and hunting down of Communists took place 15 July CCP losses in late 1920s Urban movements f