高中英语构词法.pptVIP

英语快速记忆－构词法 语言是随着人类社会的不断发展而发展的。一些旧词的过时意味着需要人们创造出一些新的词，而新的词的产生，大抵服从语法的法则，有其规律可循。语言的这种弃旧创新不断完善和发展的过程体现出一种规律--构词法（word-formation）。 合成词 Compound pain-killer color- blind sleep-walk solar system remote control (3) v-ing +另一词 washing machine driving license (4) 其他方式 by-product editor-in-chief 3. 合成动词及合成副词 overeat baby-sit empty-handed 加前缀： happy --- ___happy 加后缀： develop --- develop_______ 既加前缀又加后缀： employ ---____employ_______ 2. 表示空间位置，方向关系的前缀 7. vice- 副 vice-premier, vice-president 8.semi-半 semifinal, semicircle, semi-automatic 9. bi 两个 bicycle, biennial两年一次的 10. tri三个triangle三角形, tricycle三轮脚踏车, triplets三胞胎 11.mul-多，多种multiply(使增加), multi-national, multi-coloured 12. kilo-千 kilometre, kilogramme 常见的后缀 1).名词后缀 ： -er -or -tion -ment -ity -ist -hood -ion -er -or -tion -ment -ity -ist -hood -ion 附：类比构词（Word-Formation by Analogy） 类比构词是英语中一种有趣而又实用的构词方式。 构词特点是，以某个同类词为模式，在语义上进行联想类比，替换其中某个词素，构造出与之对应或类似的新词来。 例如：work-aholic（工作迷）系仿alcoholic（嗜酒者）而造seajack（海上劫持）和skyjack（空中劫持）则是类比hijack （拦路抢劫） hijacker（强盗）而成，故都属类比词。 另外还有许多缩写词是由各个单词的首字母组成.　 CD ( compact disk) CCTV( China Central Television) NBA (National Basketball Association) UFO( unidentified flying object) UN( United Nations) ID( identification) USA( United States of America) 1. He was one of the best _______ in yesterday’s football match. (play) 2. Look! How _______ Kate is laughing! (happy) 3. It snowed _______ last night and now the streets are covered with snow. (heavy) 4. Edison was a great ________. During his life he had many __________. (invent) players happily heavily inventor inventions 构词法精练 Use the appropriate form of the words to fill in the blanks. 5. More and more _________ have come to visit China over these years. （foreign） 6. We want ___________ reasons for your failure to help. (satisfy) 7. Please give me some reference work. It will ________ my task. (simple) 8. The boy had