初中宾语从句讲解与练习.docVIP

初中宾语从句讲解与练习 一、考点扫描 　　中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面： 　　1、引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择； 　　2、 宾语从句的语序； 　　3、 宾语从句的时态。 　　考查的主要形式是单项选择、语法选择、完形填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到宾语从句。 二、基本概念 宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。 E.g. He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. The boy was interested in whatever he saw here. 那孩子对在那里看到的任何事物都感兴趣。 I am sure (that) he will succeed. 三、宾语从句的种类 根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。 四、用法详解 1、引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择 　1）由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。 1.He said （that） he wanted to stay at home. 　　2.She doesn’t know （that） she is seriously ill. 　　3.I am sure （that） he will succeed. 　　2）由连接代词who， whom， whose， what， which和连接副词when， where， why， how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 1.Do you know who （whom） they are waiting for？ 　　2.He asked whose handwriting was the best. 　　3.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is？ 　　4.I don’t know why the train is late. 　　3 ）由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。 1.I want to know if （whether） he lives there. 　　2.He asked me whether （if） I could help him. 2、宾语从句的语序 　 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。 1.I hear （that） physics isn’t easy. 　　2.I think （that） you will like this school soon. 　　3.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo？ 4.Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting. 3、宾语从句的时态 1如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什时态就用什时态。 I don’t think (that) you are right. 2.Please tell us where he is. 3.Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 2、如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。 He asked what time it was. 2.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meeting. 3.He asked if you had written to Peter. 4.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 3、如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。 Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. 2.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. 宾语从句连接词妙用 一、当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that 无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。 1.She said that she would leave the message on the headmasters desk. 她说她会把留言条放在校长桌子上。 　　2.He said that he could finis