大学英语四级段翻译解题技巧.ppt

段落汉译英。翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。四级长度为140－160个汉字；六级长度为180－200个汉字。 ;翻译的标准;翻译三部曲;1. 通读并透彻理解原文汉语句子，确定语法成分和句型。 中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期特别流行。 译文：Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years. It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing dynasties. ;;2. 付诸笔墨，保证拼写无误。 人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。 译文1：People often make their home beautifl with paper cuttings. 译文2：People often beautify their home with paper cuttings. ;;翻译技巧;恰当选词 （避免过于笼统，选表达更确切的词） 中英文句式之间的对应和转换。 语态之间的转换 e.g. 通常中文中的主语过于宽泛的时候，如“人们”、“别人”、“这”等，可以转化成英文的被动语态，省略原来的主语 原文：现在人们必须采取措施来保护环境。 译文：Measures should be adopted/taken to protect the environment. ;词性的转换 1）名词转换成动词 例如：改革开放政策受到了全国人名的拥护。 译文：The reform and opening-up policy is supported by the whole Chinese people. 2) 动词转化成名词 例如：他善于观察 译文： He is a good observer.;3) 名词转换成形容词 例如： 在这紧张的时刻，他感到非常害怕。 译文：The intensity of the moment filled his mind with fear. ;练习1;译文;练习2;Chopsticks are the most distinvtive eating tool on the Chinese dinng table. The way we Chinese use our chopsticks is quite artistic and varies from persson to person like one’s signature. An average Chinese person can very easily pick up pea, or a slippery button mushroom or sea cucumber with a pair of chopstics. Some are even able to pick up a piece of bean curd that crumbles easily. ;核心语法考点; 一、 虚拟语气;　(should)+动词原形的情形 ; 真题重现;1.2． 在advice, demand, order, necessity, resolution, decision, proposal, requirement, suggestion, idea, recommendation, request, plan,等名词后的主语从句或表语从句中------上面动词对应的名词 　He issued the order that the troops (should) withdraw at once. 他命令部队马上撤退。;1.3． 在形容词important, necessary, imperative, natural, urgent, essential, appropriate, desirable, vital, advisable, preferable, incredible以及短语no wonder, a pity等可以构成“It is +形容词（名词）+that”句型中。 It is necessary that some immediate effort (should) be made. 必须立即采取行动。; 真题重现;if或but for等引导的条件句 ;if引导虚拟条件句的用法 ;He wouldn’t feel so cold if he were indoors. 他要是在室内就不会觉得冷了（与现在事实相反） I am sor