英语阅读理解——主旨大意_大集合课案.doc

2011届英语阅读理解专练 主旨大意题 A.设题方式 ①.考查文章的中心思想 The main idea/key point of this passage is that_____. The passage is mainly about __. 　　From the passage we can learn/conclude that_________. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? ②.考查文章标题的选择 　　The best title/headline for this passage is_________. Which of the following is the best title? What would be the best title for the text? 　　The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is_________. ③.考查作者的写作态度和意图 　　What is the author’s main purpose in this passage? 　　The writer’s purpose in writing this story is____. In the passage the author wants to tell___. The writer’s attitude toward ... is___. B.干扰项特点 ①. 以偏概全。干扰项只阐述了文章的一部分内容，也就是文章的局部信息。 ②. 断章取义。干扰项常常以文章中的个别信息或个别字眼作为选项的设置内容，或者以次要的事实或细节冒充全文的主要观点。 ③. 主题扩大。干扰项所归纳、概括的范围过大，超过文章实际所讨论的内容。 ④. 张冠李戴。命题者有意地把属于A的特征放在B的身上，构成一个干扰项。考生不注意的情况下，会造成错选答案。 ⑤. 无中生有或似是而非。有的干扰项中的关键词语好像在文章中谈到了，但认真分析之后你会发现这类干扰项的内容与文章的内容毫无联系。 C.解题指导 1.分清主次，抓住主干，找出主题句。 主题句是归纳表达文章中心思想的句子,它的出现有四种情况: 1）主题句在开头?主题句出现在段落或文章的开头部分,起着开宗明义?点明主题的作用,它可以使读者一开始就明白文章所讲的内容主旨?而支撑句则使用一些具体的人、物、数字或具体的步骤来阐述或论证主题，常伴有 for example\ i.e. \that is \first\ second \ finally \once \another time \for one thing 等词。 2）主题句在结尾?用归纳法写的文章,其结构是表述细节的句子放在前面,概述性的句子放在后面,并以此而结尾,所以结尾的句子起着总结归纳?画龙点睛的作用，多伴有so \therefore\thus \in short\ as a result\that is why 等词。 3）考生可以快速浏览每段首尾两句来确定每段的主题句，从而确定文章的主题句。 【考例分析1】Every day we experience one of the wonders of the world around us without even realizing it. It is not the amazing complexity of television. Nor the impressive technology of transport. The universal wonder we share and experience is our ability to make noises with our mouths, and so transmit ideas and thoughts to each other憇 minds. This ability comes so naturally that we tend to forget what a miracle（奇迹）it is. 75. This passage is mainly about_________. （2010·江西卷·E -节选自文章第一段） A. the development of body language B. the special role humans play in nature C. the power to convey infor