粉煤灰制备堇青石研究校正版大学本科论文.doc

摘要 堇青石由于其较低的热膨胀系数，被广泛运用于耐火陶瓷工业。但天然的堇青石含量很少, 工业上大都用人工合成的堇青石。粉煤灰的主要成分是二氧化硅和氧化铝,其含量与制作堇青石的原料配比相近,因此，可以研究利用废弃物粉煤灰制备高性能的堇青石陶瓷材料的可能。 本文利用高铝粉煤灰（含量超过37%）为主要原料，硅灰粉和镁砂作为辅助配料，采用压制成型、煅烧合成的工艺制备堇青石，并探讨了几种添加剂对高铝粉煤灰、硅灰粉和镁砂合成堇青石的性能影响。 经X射线衍射（XRD）、电子显微镜（SEM）组织结构分析及热膨胀特性测试，结果表明：试样在1200℃下基本不反应，当温度升高到1250℃以后，生成物中开始检测到堇青石，在1310℃下，有大量堇青石晶体合成，其中添加碳酸锂2%的效果最明显，其实样已出现熔融，热膨胀系数为（20℃-600℃）。通过对比得出，原配料试样的热膨胀系数比添加剂试样的要高。添加剂碳酸锂和二氧化钛均能改善堇青石的合成性能。 关键词：高铝粉煤灰，堇青石，热膨胀系数，添加剂 Abstract Cordierite due to its low thermal expansion coefficient, is widely used in ceramic industry. But very little natural cordierite content, industry mostly cordierite synthesized. The main ingredients of fly ash is silica and alumina, raw material ratio and its content and production of cordierite are similar, therefore, can be studied using the preparation of high performance fly ash waste of cordierite ceramics. In this paper, the use of high alumina fly ash (content of more than 37%) as the main raw material, silica and magnesia powder as auxiliary ingredients, the press molding, process for preparing calcined synthesis of cordierite, and discussed the effect of several additives on properties of high alumina fly ash, silica powder and magnesia synthetic cordierite. By X-Ray (XRD), SEM test, structure analysis and thermal expansion results show that: the sample at 1200℃ the following basic no reaction, when the temperature is increased to 1250℃, creation began to detect cordierite, at 1310℃, there are a large number of cordierite crystals, which addition of lithium carbonate 2% effect is the most obvious, in fact, like has been melting, thermal expansion coefficient is (20℃-600℃). By comparing, the raw material thermal expansion coefficient is higher than additive samples. Synthesis of additive lithium carbonate and titanium dioxide can improve the cordierite. Keywords: fly ash, cordierite, thermal expansion coefficient, additives 前言 先进陶瓷材料具有其它材料如金属材料、高分子材料等不可比拟的优点：耐高温、抗氧化、耐磨损、高硬度、不老化等，得到人们的广泛重视，并正逐渐在克服其固有的缺点(一般抗拉强度低、韧性差、工艺