【2017年整理】英语与基础_Basic_English_Lecture_8_Parts_of_Speech_2_Gwyn.ppt

Lecture 8 Parts of Speech II Articles Parts of Speech Part 2 5. Adverb Functions : to modify a verb, an adjective, another adverb, a phrase, or a clause Types of Adverb Manner (gently, softly), Time (later, finally, at once, soon), Degree (rather, very, extremely) Frequency (answers questions such as how, when, where, how much) E.g. Nicol David trains hard and plays extremely well. Finally, her sacrifice pays off with internationally acclaimed success. Now, we are all so proud of her. Examples (in sentences) Adverbs of Frequency -That student rarely comes to school. Adverbs of Time -You may begin answering your questions now. Adverbs of Place -We shall stop here and take a five minutes’ break Adverbs of Degree -I am rather fond of mint-chocolate ice-cream. Adverbs of Manner -The students answered their exam questions quietly. 6. Preposition Functions : to link nouns, pronouns and phrases to other words in a sentence . A preposition usually indicates the temporal (e.g. We go to school on Mondays), spatial (e.g. The book is in the cupboard) or logical (e.g. They played on despite the rain) relationship of its object to the rest of the sentence. E.g. Submit your project before Friday. Put it on my desk. Do it without any excuses! Example of sentences 7. Conjunction Functions : to link words, phrases, and clauses. There are 3 types of conjunctions 1 Coordinating conjunctions - joins individual words, phrases independent clauses Example : for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so 2. Subordinating conjunctions indicates the nature of the relationship among the independent clause and the dependent clause Example: after, although, as, because, before, how, if, once, since 3.Correlative conjunctions links equivalent sentence elements Example: both...and, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also, so...as, whether...or E.g. Either we pass or fail this exam. Although time is not on our side, we must give it a try. If not, we’ll let our parents and teachers dow