二级建造师(国外英文资料).doc

二级建造师(国外英文资料) In the high school Classification and construction points of subgrade drainage 6. classification of subgrade drainage and construction points (1) classification: surface drainage and underground drainage. The surface drainage ditches, drainage ditches, drainage ditch, drop and chute, stop water, evaporation ponds and other facilities; underground drainage facilities and drainage ditch, ditch (canal), sewer, seepage wells, inspection wells (2) surface drainage facilities construction points: 1) is arranged on the side ditch excavation sections and low embankment section 2) should first cut ditch construction, and other drainage facilities should be smooth convergence. Cut ditch length of more than 500m should choose the appropriate location. The outlet, when necessary, or setting the drainage water chute 3) drop and chute: water flow through the slope is greater than 10%, the head height difference is greater than 1 The steep slope of M, or special scarp area, should be set up or drop chute. Chute section length should be 5 ~ l0m, the joint application of waterproof material filling (3) construction of underground drainage facilities: 1) ditch ditch must be embedded into the impervious layer within the trench wall, a row of minimum water penetration holes should be higher than the ditch at least 200mm ditch the longitudinal slope of the channel bottom should be greater than 1%, the poor condition of the longitudinal slope of the channel bottom should be greater than 0. 5%, the outlet should increase the longitudinal slope, and higher surface drainage ditch water above 200mm. 2) a stone ditch, ditch three forms of pipe ditch and hole type sewer. Stone ditch longitudinal slope is less than l%. The outlet of the bottom elevation should be higher than the highest water level outside the ditch 200mm. Ditch shall be excavated from downstream to upstream, the excavation surface shall be selected according to the soil supporting form reasonable, and should be c