18 第10 心血管疾病的生物化学检验.ppt

十章 心血管系统疾病的生物化学检验（双语） 背景资料 2006年中国城市居民前十位死因 美国前十位死因 1. 恶性肿瘤27.3% 心脏病27.2% 2. 脑血管病17.7% 恶性肿瘤23.1% 3. 心脏病17.1% 脑血管病6.3% 4. 呼吸系病13.1% 慢性呼吸道疾病 5. 损伤及中毒6.1% 意外事件 6. 内分泌营养和代谢疾病3.3% 糖尿病 7. 消化系病2.9% 阿兹海默症 8. 泌尿生殖系病1.4% 流行性感冒和肺炎 9. 神经系病0.9% 肾脏疾病 10. 精神障碍0.7% 败血病 前十位死因占中国死亡总数的90.4％， 美国78 ％ 。 主要内容 第一节 概述 第二节 心血管疾病主要生化检测指标 第三节心血管疾病主要生化检测指标的临床应用 第一节 概述 一、心脏的解剖和生理 心肌富含的蛋白与酶？有何临床意义？ 肌钙蛋白 肌红蛋白 CK LD 心肌血液供应来自主动脉根部发出的左右冠状动脉，冠状动脉主干行走于心脏表面，沿途发出分支，在心肌和心内膜下层形成丰富的毛细血管网，毛细血管与心肌比例高达1:1。 备注： 内膜 内皮细胞 基膜 内弹性膜 中膜 外弹性膜 平滑肌 外膜 内腔 内皮细胞 基膜 Heart Disease Heart disease is a general term that refers to a variety of acute and chronic medical conditions that affect one or more of the components of the heart. The heart is a muscular, fist-sized organ that is located in the left side of the chest cavity胸腔. It continuously pumps blood, beating as many as 100,000 times a day. The blood that the heart moves carries oxygen and nutrients营养素 throughout the body and transports carbon dioxide二氧化碳 and other wastes to the lungs, kidneys, and liver for removal. The heart ensures its own oxygen supply through a set of coronary arteries冠状动脉 and veins. The heart is also an endocrine内分泌的 organ that produces the hormones atrial natriuretic hormone (ANP) 心房利钠肽,心钠素 and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), which coordinate协调 heart function with blood vessels and the kidneys. Diseases affecting the heart may be structural or functional. Anything that damages the heart or decreases the heart’s supply of oxygen, makes it less efficient, reduces its ability to fill and pump, will disrupt the coordinated relationship between the heart, kidneys, and blood vessels and will harm not only the heart but the rest of the body as well. Heart diseas