化学基础知识点高一(国外英语资料).docVIP

化学基础知识点高一(国外英文资料) 1. Experimental matters needing attention: heat of material in the test tube, heating tube when the tube clip through the test tube fixed on the hob work when using test tube holder will place from the bottom of the tube set into the test tube, gripping from the test tube mouth about 1/3 ~ 1/4, heating, heat evenly first, heating in a fixed position again. When the liquid is heated, the test tube is tilted about 45 degrees, and the test tube can not be used to the person or other person to avoid the blow when the liquid is boiling. The volume of liquid in a test tube is usually no more than 1/3 of its total volume, which can be heated without sudden cooling (1) desiccant: acid desiccant, alkaline desiccant and neutral desiccant. Acid desiccant: sulfuric acid, P2O5. Alkaline desiccant: alkali lime, CaO. Neutral desiccant: CaCl2. (2) catalysts: the catalysts used in high school chemistry experiments: manganese dioxide, sulphuric acid, etc (3) the reagent: litmus reagent, phenolphthalein reagent, methylorange reagent, reagent, etc (4) oxidants; KMnO4 solution, bromine, chlorine water Monoplasmic, mixtures are neither electrolytes nor non-electrolytes Common extractions: (1) the density is smaller than water: benzene, gasoline, kerosene (2) density is larger than water: CCl4 The difference between a round bottom flask and a distilling flask: the flask has a tube and a round bottom flask does not Use a volumetric bottle to note five no : 1 cannot dissolve a solid; You cant dilute the concentrated solution; 3 cant heating; 4 cant be a reaction vessel; No long-term storage solution (1) the electrolyte does not necessarily conduct electricity, such as NaCl, which is electrolyte, but does not conduct electricity when it is solid. (2) the material that conducts electricity does not have to be electrolyte, NaCl is able to conduct electricity, but NaCl is not an electrolyte, the electrolyte has to be a compound and the solution is a mixture (3) the compound th