为何海洋中的昆虫种类如此稀少_.pdf

2005 42(4) Chinese Bulletin of Ento ology 471 ? * 张小斌 陈学新 程家安 ( 310029) * Why there are so few insect species in the sea? ZHANG XiaoBin , CHENXueXin, CHENG JiaAn ( Institute of Applied Entomology , Zhej iang University , Hangzhou 310029, China) Abstract As the ost abundant and diverse organis s, insects account for twothirds of known ani al species. Of the approxi ately 30000 known species of aquatic insects, only about 250~ 350 species are arine insects, which include species living in open oceans, tide pools, rocky shore, beach, salt arshes and estuaries. There are several popular hypotheses used to explainwhy there are so few insect species in the sea, including high os otic stress, little oxygen, li ited nutrients, coevolutionwith flowering plants and niche co petition fro crustaceans. Key words arine insect, distribution, hypothesis, sea skater ,2330000, 250~ 300, , , , , , 71% , , , ,, 2 , 30 000, 250~ , 350, [5] 20 , 13 1 (1) [ 1] 1000 , ,, 100 , 30 000( 13 Her atobatidae [6] ) Velliidae Gerridae , ,13 Halobates , , [2,3] , , , , * E ail:riceip l@ [4] , 10 000 472 Chinese Bulletin of Ento ology 2005 42(4)